Congenital ossicular anomalies
Dr Frank Gaillard et al.
Congenital anomalies of the ossicles are most frequently associated with external ear abnormalities also, although they can occur in isolation.
They cause conductive hearing loss (CHL).
When bilateral they are most frequently genetic, with autosomal dominant inheritance, whereas unilateral anomalies are usually sporadic.
Isolated ossicular anomalies can be classified as
- class I : stapedial ankylosis
- class II : stapedial ankylosis with other associated anomalies
- class III : ossicular anomalies withouth stapedial ankylosis
- class IV : oval / round dysplasia
They are associated with numerous syndromes including
- Klippel-Feil syndrome
-
Wildervanck syndrome (or cervico-ocular-acoustic dysplasia)
- typically diffuse ossicular ankylosis
- Madelung dyschondro-osteosis
- otopalatodigital syndrome
- Pyle disease
- craniometaphyseal dysplasia
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