Esophageal and esophagogastric junction squamous cell carcinoma (staging)
Updates to Article Attributes
Oesophageal cancer staging uses the international TNM system. The staging can depend slightly on whether the tumour is squamous cell or adenocarcinoma subtype. Due to the lack of a serosal layer, oesophageal cancer often tends to have mediastinal spread at the time of diagnosis.
Staging
TNM staging
Staging periodically gets revised - current latest (2019) staging is the - 8th edition AJCC/UICC staging of cancers of the oesophagus and oesophagogastric junction
-
T staging
- Tx: primary tumour cannot be assessed
- T0: no evidence of primary tumour
- Tis: high-grade dysplasia
-
T1: invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae or submucosa
- T1a: invades lamina propria or muscularis mucosae
- T1b: invades submucosa
- T2: invades muscularis propria
- T3: invades adventitia
-
T4: direct extension into adjacent structures
- T4a: (resectable) invades pleura, pericardium or diaphragm
- T4b: (unresectable) invades other structures, e.g. aorta, trachea
-
N staging
- Nx: regional nodes cannot be assessed
- N0: no regional lymph node metastases
- N1: 1-2 regional nodes involved
- N2: 3-6 regional nodes involved
- N3: >7 regional nodes involved
-
M staging
- Mx: metastatic disease cannot be assessed
- M0: no distant metastases
- M1: distant metastases
AJCC staging groups
Staging is dependent on histological subtype, e.g. squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. G refers to the grade of tumour and the location is in brackets. As with the TNM classification, X indicates inability to determine grade or location.
Squamous cell carcinoma
- stage 0: Tis N0 M0 G1, X
-
stage I
- stage Ia: T1 N0 M0 G1, X
- stage Ib:
- T1 N0 M0 G2-3
- T2-3 N0 M0 G1,X (lower, X)
-
stage II
- stage IIa
- T2-3 N0 M0 G1,X (upper, middle)
- T2-3 N0 M0 G2-3 (lower, X)
- stage IIB
- T2-3 N0 M0 G2-3 (upper, middle)
- T1-2 N1 M0
- stage IIa
-
stage III
- stage IIIA
- T1-2 N2 M0
- T3 N1 M0
- T4a N0 M0
- stage IIIB
- T3 N2 M0
- stage IIIC
- T4a N1-2 M0
- T4b N- M0
- T- N3 M0
- stage IIIA
- stage IV: T- N- M1
-<p>Oesophageal cancer staging uses the international <a title="TNM staging system" href="/articles/tnm-staging-system-2">TNM system</a>. The staging can depend slightly on whether the tumour is squamous cell or adenocarcinoma subtype. Due to the lack of a serosal layer, <a href="/articles/oesophageal-carcinoma-1">oesophageal cancer</a> often tends to have mediastinal spread at the time of diagnosis.</p><h4>Staging</h4><h5>TNM staging</h5><ul>- +<p><strong>Oesophageal cancer staging</strong> uses the international <a href="/articles/tnm-staging-system-2">TNM system</a>. The staging can depend slightly on whether the tumour is squamous cell or adenocarcinoma subtype. Due to the lack of a serosal layer, <a href="/articles/oesophageal-carcinoma-1">oesophageal cancer</a> often tends to have mediastinal spread at the time of diagnosis.</p><h4>Staging</h4><h5>TNM staging </h5><p>Staging periodically gets revised - current latest (2019) staging is the - <a href="/articles/8th-edition-ajcc-uicc-staging-of-cancers-of-the-esophagus-and-esophagogastric-junction">8<sup>th</sup> edition AJCC/UICC staging of cancers of the oesophagus and oesophagogastric junction</a></p><ul>
References changed:
- 1. Amin MB, Edge SB, Greene FL, et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. (2018) <a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?vid=ISBN9783319406176">ISBN: 9783319406176</a><span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 3. Rice TW, Patil DT, Blackstone EH. 8th edition AJCC/UICC staging of cancers of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: application to clinical practice. (2017) Annals of cardiothoracic surgery. 6 (2): 119-130. <a href="https://doi.org/10.21037/acs.2017.03.14">doi:10.21037/acs.2017.03.14</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28447000">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 1. <cite id="endnote_AJCC" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="#ref_AJCC" title=""><b>^</b></a></cite> American Joint Committee on Cancer
- <cite id="endnote_NCI" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="#ref_NCI" title=""><b>^</b></a></cite> <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/esophageal/healthprofessional/2. " title="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/esophageal/healthprofessional/" class="external text" rel="nofollow">NCI</a>