Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Radswiki T, Gaillard F, Sharma R, et al. HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 16 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-12642
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Frank Gaillard had the following disclosures:
- Biogen Australia Pty Ltd, Investigator-Initiated Research Grant for CAD software in multiple sclerosis: finished Oct 2021 (past)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to
not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Frank Gaillard's current disclosures
HIV-associated lipodystrophy (also known as fat redistribution syndrome) is a lipomatosis seen in a number of AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy. It is characterized by changes in the distribution of regional body fat, with increased central adiposity and loss of subcutaneous fat in the limbs.
Biochemically, these patients have increased triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and extremely low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
Features of fat redistribution syndrome are the same in different modalities and include:
hypertrophy in the neck fat pad (buffalo hump)
increased fat in the abdominal region (protease paunch)
gynecomastia
loss of fat in the midface and extremities.
Treatment and prognosis
Complications
If left untreated, these patients develop and die of complications of metabolic origin such as cardiovascular diseases or diabetes mellitus. Biochemical features manifest before the clinical pictures become apparent.
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For hypertrophy of the fat around the neck consider other regional forms of lipomatosis:
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1. Tierney EP, Hanke CW. "Bullfrog neck," a unique morphologic trait in HIV lipodystrophy: case series and review of the literature. Arch Dermatol. 2010;146 (11): 1279-82. doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2010.341 - Pubmed citation
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2.Lassalle S, Cervera P, Hofman V et-al. Antiretroviral treatments-related lipodystrophy syndrome: clinico-pathological findings. Ann Pathol. 2006;25 (4): 309-17. Pubmed citation
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3.Mauss S, Schmutz G. HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome. Med. Klin. (Munich). 2001;96 (7): 391-401. Pubmed citation
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4.Olczak A. Metabolic disturbances associated with HAART. Przegl Epidemiol. 2008;61 (4): 639-46. Pubmed citation
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5.Vigouroux C, Gharakhanian S, Salhi Y et-al. Adverse metabolic disorders during highly active antiretroviral treatments (HAART) of HIV disease. Diabetes Metab. 1999;25 (5): 383-92. Pubmed citation
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