Hepatitis B virus
Updates to Article Attributes
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a circular DNA virus endemic in many parts of the world. It is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Clinical presentation
Acute HBV infection is most often subclinical and asymptomatic. Symptomatic patients (~33%) may experience fever, nausea and/or jaundice. Rarely (1%) it causes acute liver failure 3.
Pathology
Route of transmission
The most common route of transmission is regionally-dependent. In endemic areas, vertical transmission from mother to child is more common. In other areas, contaminated needles, blood products, and unprotected sex is more common.
Genotypes
- genotype A: sub-Saharan Africa
- genotype B: Japan and East Asia
- genotype C: China, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia
- most closely associated with HCC 2
- genotype D: Eastern Europe, North Africa, Russia, Middle East, India
- genotype E: West Africa
- genotypes F, G, H: Central and South America
Treatment and prognosis
Vaccination programs have been effective in many parts of the world to decrease the incidence of disease.
Patients with chronic hepatitis B may benefit from a hepatocellular carcinoma screening program.
Related pathology
Acute infection with the hepatitis B virus may result in acute hepatitis.
Chronic infection with hepatitis B is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient may either be cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic.
-<p><strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)</strong> is a circular DNA virus endemic in many parts of the world. It is a risk factor for the development of <a href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</a>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Acute HBV infection is most often subclinical and asymptomatic. Symptomatic patients (~33%) may experience fever, nausea and/or jaundice. Rarely (1%) it causes <a href="/articles/acute-liver-failure">acute liver failure</a> <sup>3</sup>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><h5>Route of transmission</h5><p>The most common route of transmission is regionally-dependent. In endemic areas, vertical transmission from mother to child is more common. In other areas, contaminated needles, blood products, and unprotected sex is more common.</p><h5>Genotypes</h5><ul>- +<p><strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)</strong> is a circular DNA virus endemic in many parts of the world. It is a risk factor for the development of <a href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</a>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Acute HBV infection is most often <a title="Subclinical disease" href="/articles/subclinical-disease">subclinical</a> and asymptomatic. Symptomatic patients (~33%) may experience fever, nausea and/or jaundice. Rarely (1%) it causes <a href="/articles/acute-liver-failure">acute liver failure</a> <sup>3</sup>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><h5>Route of transmission</h5><p>The most common route of transmission is regionally-dependent. In endemic areas, vertical transmission from mother to child is more common. In other areas, contaminated needles, blood products, and unprotected sex is more common.</p><h5>Genotypes</h5><ul>
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.