Hepatitis B virus

Changed by Matt A. Morgan, 24 Feb 2015

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Hepatitis bB virus

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a circular DNA virus endemic in many parts of the world ~~and~~. It is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Route of transmission

The most common route of transmission is regionally-dependent. In endemic areas, vertical transmission from mother to child is more common. In other areas, contaminated needles, blood products, and unprotected sex is more common.

Genotypes

genotype A: sub-Saharan Africa
genotype B: Japan and East Asia
genotype C: China, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia
- most closely associated with HCC ²
genotype D: Eastern Europe, North Africa, Russia, Middle East, India
genotype E: West Africa
genotype F, G, H: ~~Cental~~Central and South America

Related pathology

Acute infection with the hepatitis B virus may result in acute hepatitis.

Chronic infection with hepatitis B is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient may either be cirrhotic or noncirrhotic.

Treatment and prognosis

Vaccination programs have been effective in many parts of the world to decrease incidence of disease.

Patients with chronic hepatitis B may benefit from a hepatocellular carcinoma screening program.

-<p><strong>Hepatitis B virus</strong> is a circular DNA virus endemic in many parts of the world and a risk factor for the development of <a title="Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)" href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</a>.</p><h5>Route of transmission</h5><p>The most common route of transmission is regionally-dependent. In endemic areas, vertical transmission from mother to child is more common. In other areas, contaminated needles, blood products, and unprotected sex is more common.</p><h5>Genotypes</h5><ul>
+<p><strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)</strong> is a circular DNA virus endemic in many parts of the world. It is a risk factor for the development of <a href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</a>.</p><h5>Route of transmission</h5><p>The most common route of transmission is regionally-dependent. In endemic areas, vertical transmission from mother to child is more common. In other areas, contaminated needles, blood products, and unprotected sex is more common.</p><h5>Genotypes</h5><ul>
~~-<li>genotype F, G, H: Cental and South America</li>~~
-</ul><h4>Related pathology</h4><p>Acute infection with the hepatitis B virus may result in <a title="Acute hepatitis" href="/articles/acute-hepatitis">acute hepatitis</a>.</p><p>Chronic infection with hepatitis B is a risk factor for the development of <a href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</a>. The patient may either be cirrhotic or noncirrhotic.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Vaccination programs have been effective in many parts of the world to decrease incidence of disease.</p>
+<li>genotype F, G, H: Central and South America</li>
+</ul><h4>Related pathology</h4><p>Acute infection with the hepatitis B virus may result in <a href="/articles/acute-hepatitis">acute hepatitis</a>.</p><p>Chronic infection with hepatitis B is a risk factor for the development of <a href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</a>. The patient may either be cirrhotic or noncirrhotic.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Vaccination programs have been effective in many parts of the world to decrease incidence of disease.</p><p>Patients with chronic hepatitis B may benefit from a <a href="/articles/hepatocellular-carcinoma-hcc-surveillance">hepatocellular carcinoma screening</a> program.</p>

References changed:

1. Lafaro K, Demirjian A, Pawlik T. Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2015;24(1):1-17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soc.2014.09.001">doi:10.1016/j.soc.2014.09.001</a>
2. McMahon B. The Influence of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype and Subgenotype on the Natural History of Chronic Hepatitis B. Hepatol Int. 2008;3(2):334-42. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-008-9112-z">doi:10.1007/s12072-008-9112-z</a>

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