Middle ear tumors

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InThere are a range of middle ear tumours, which are more likely to be benign than malignant.

Pathology

The three most common middle ear tumours are (not in any particular order ~~of frequency,~~as there are differences in the ~~primary tumours of the~~ ~~middle ear~~ ~~are~~literature) ^1-3:

congenital cholesteatoma

middle ear schwannoma

most commonly arising from the facial nerve ~~schwannoma~~ but can also arise from the Jacobson nerve, chorda tympani or the Arnold nerve²

Other rarer middle ear tumours include ²

Differential diagnosis

~~These, if~~If large, these can be difficult to distinguish from direct extension into the middle ear of:

external acoustic meatus malignancies ~~(SCC and BCC~~(e.g. squamous or basal cell carcinoma)
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
parotid gland neoplasms
schwannomas originating from outside the middle ear

Additionally aggressive infections (e.g. malignant otitis externa, tuberculous otomastoiditis, Aspergillus) can appear similar.

~~-In order of frequency, the primary tumours of the <a href="/articles/middle-ear">middle ear</a> are:<ul>~~
+There are a range of middle ear tumours, which are more likely to be benign than malignant. <h4>Pathology</h4>The three most common middle ear tumours are (not in any particular order as there are differences in the literature) 1-3: <ul>
+<li><a title="Glomus tympanicum paragangliomas" href="/articles/glomus-tympanicum-paragangliomas">glomus tympanicum paraganglioma</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/congenital-cholesteatoma">congenital cholesteatoma</a></li>
~~-<a href="/articles/paraganglioma-1">paraganglioma</a>:<ul>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/glomus-tympanicum">glomus tympanicum</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/glomus-jugulotympanicum">glomus jugulotympanicum</a></li>~~
~~-</ul>~~
+<a href="/articles/middle-ear-schwannoma">middle ear schwannoma</a><ul><li>most commonly arising from the <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">facial nerve</a> but can also arise from the <a href="/articles/jacobson-nerve">Jacobson nerve</a>, <a href="/articles/chorda-tympani">chorda tympani</a> or the <a href="/articles/arnolds-nerve-2">Arnold nerve</a> 2
+</li></ul>
~~-<li><a href="/articles/congenital-cholesteatoma">congenital cholesteatoma</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/facial-nerve-schwannoma">facial nerve schwannoma</a></li>~~
~~-</ul>These, if large, can be difficult to distinguish from direct extension into the middle ear of:<ul>~~
~~-<li>external acoustic meatus malignancies (SCC and BCC)</li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/parotid-gland-neoplasms">parotid gland neoplasms</a></li>~~
+</ul>Other rarer middle ear tumours include 2<ul>
+<li><a href="/articles/middle-ear-adenoma">middle ear adenoma</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/middle-ear-rhabdomyosarcoma">middle ear rhabdomyosarcoma</a></li>
+</ul><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4>If large, these can be difficult to distinguish from direct extension into the middle ear of<ul>
+<li>external acoustic meatus malignancies (e.g. squamous or basal cell carcinoma)</li>
-</ul>Additionally aggressive infections (e.g. <a href="/articles/malignant-external-otitis">malignant otitis externa</a>, <a href="/articles/tuberculous-otomastoiditis">tuberculous otomastoiditis</a>, Aspergillus) can appear similar.
+<li><a href="/articles/parotid-gland-neoplasms">parotid gland neoplasms</a></li>
+<li>
+<a href="/articles/intracranial-schwannoma">schwannomas</a> originating from outside the middle ear</li>
+</ul>Additionally aggressive infections (e.g. <a href="/articles/malignant-external-otitis">malignant otitis externa</a>, <a href="/articles/tuberculous-otomastoiditis">tuberculous otomastoiditis</a>, Aspergillus) can appear similar.

References changed:

2. H. Ric Harnsberger. Diagnostic Imaging. (2011) ISBN: 9781931884785 - <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9781931884785">Google Books</a>
3. Temporal Bone Imaging (Medical Radiology / Diagnostic Imaging). Springer. ISBN:B00RV3WARA. <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBNB00RV3WARA">Read it at Google Books</a> - <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00RV3WARA">Find it at Amazon</a>

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cases

Images Changes:

Image 1 CT (bone window) ( update )

Caption was changed:

~~Facial~~Case 1: facial nerve schwannoma

Image 2 CT (bone window) ( create )

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