Pancreatic cancer (staging)
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Both endocrine and exocrine tumours of the pancreas are now staged by a single pancreatic staging system.
Staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is with the TNM system, and as a majority of tumours are not-resectable, this is mostly achieved with imaging (typically CT scan) although laparoscopy is often required to confirm resectability1-2
Primary tumour staging (T)
- Tx, T0, Tis: see TNM system
- T1: tumour <2 cm in greatest dimension, limited to pancreas
- T2: tumour >2 cm in greatest dimension, limited to pancreas
- T3: extension beyond pancreas, no involvement of SMA or coeliac axis
- T4: involvement of SMA or coeliac axis
Regional lymph nodes (N)
- Nx: nodes cannot be assessed
- N0: no evidence of nodal involvement
- N1: regional nodal metastases present
Metastases (M)
- Mx: presence of metastases cannot be assessed
- M0: no evidence of metastases
- M1: distant metastases present
Stage groupings
- stage 0: Tis N0 M0
- stage Ia: T1 N0 M0
- stage Ib: T2 N0 M0
- stage IIa: T3 N0 M0
- stage IIb: T1, T2 or T3 with N1 M0
- stage III: T4 and M0 (any N)
- stage IV: M1 (any T any N)
See also
-<p>Both endocrine and exocrine tumours of the pancreas are now staged by a single pancreatic staging system.</p><p><strong>Staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma</strong> is with the <a href="/articles/tnm-staging-system">TNM system</a>, and as a majority of tumours are not-resectable, this is mostly achieved with imaging (typically CT scan) although laparoscopy is often required to confirm resectability <sup>1-2</sup>.</p><h6>Primary tumour staging (T)</h6><ul>- +<p>Both endocrine and exocrine tumours of the pancreas are now staged by a single pancreatic staging system.</p><p><strong>Staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma</strong> is with the <a href="/articles/tnm-staging-system">TNM system</a>, and as a majority of tumours are not-resectable, this is mostly achieved with imaging (typically CT scan) although laparoscopy is often required to confirm resectability.</p><h6>Primary tumour staging (T)</h6><ul>
-<strong>T1:</strong> tumour <<strong> 2</strong> cm in greatest dimension, limited to <a href="/articles/pancreas">pancreas</a>- +<strong>T1:</strong> tumour <<strong>2</strong> cm in greatest dimension, limited to <a href="/articles/pancreas">pancreas</a>
-<strong>T2:</strong> tumour > <strong>2</strong> cm in greatest dimension, limited to pancreas</li>- +<strong>T2:</strong> tumour ><strong>2</strong> cm in greatest dimension, limited to pancreas</li>
References changed:
- 1. Greene Frederick L. and American Cancer Society. AJCC cancer staging handbook. Birkhäuser, 2002. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/isbn/0387952705, 9780387952703" target="_blank">ISBN: 0387952705, 9780387952703</a>.
- 2. Evans Douglas Brian, Peter W. T. Pisters and James L. Abbruzzese. Pancreatic cancer. Springer, 2001. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/isbn/0387951857, 9780387951850" target="_blank">ISBN: 0387951857, 9780387951850</a>.
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.