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Primary urethral cancer staging

Dr Praveen Jha and Radswiki et al.

Primary urethral cancer staging often uses the TNM system and is as follows

T : primary tumour
- Tx : primary tumour cannot be assessed
- T0 : no evidence of primary tumour
- Tis : carcinoma in situ
- Ta : non-invasive papillary, polypoid, or verrucous carcinoma
- T1 : invasion of sub epithelial connective tissue
- T2 : invasion of corpus spongiosum / prostate or peri urethral muscles
- T3 : corpus cavernosum, beyond prostate capsule, anterior vagina, bladder neck
- T4 : invasion of adjacent organs
N : nodal status
- Nx : nodal status cannot be assessed
- N0 : no nodal involvement
- N1 : single nodal metastasis < 2cm in greatest dimension
- N2 : single node more than 2 cm in greatest dimension or multiple nodes
M : distant metastases
- Mx : distant metastatic disease cannot be assessed
- M0 : no distant metastases
- M1 : distant metastases present