Renal cell carcinoma staging
Renal cell carcinoma staging using the TNM staging system for renal cell carcinoma. Older but still widely used system in some practices is the Robson staging system.
TNM
- T
- T1a : limited to kidney < 4 cm
- T1b : limited to kidney > 4 cm, < 7 cm
- T2 : limited to kidney > 7cm
- T3 : tumour / tumour thrombus extension into adrenal or renal vein or perinephric tissues (within Gerota's fascia)
- T3a : spread to perinephric fat
- T3b : spread to renal vein or intra diaphragmatic IVC
- T3c : spread to supra diaphragmatic IVC
- T4 : beyond Gerota's fascia.
- N
- N1 : single regional lymph node involved
- N2 : beyond N1 (NB laterality does NOT affect nodal staging)
- M
- M1 : distant metastases
AJCC Stage groupings
- Stage I : T1 N0 M0 ( ≈ 90 % 5 year survival)
- Stage II : T2 N0 M0 ( ≈ 50 % 5 year survival)
- Stage III : Everything between II and IV ( ≈ 30 % 5 year survival)
- Stage IV : M1 or N2 or T4 ( ≈ 5 % 5 year survival)
