There are a number of splenic lesions and anomalies:
Gamuts
Congenital anomalies
bipartite spleen
Mass lesions
Benign mass lesions
splenic hemangioma: most common benign splenic lesion
sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT): fibrosing variant of hamartoma
extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen
splenic abscess: sonographically characterized by multiple “target” lesions
focal splenic lesions in type I Gaucher disease 8
Indeterminate mass lesions
solitary fibrous tumors - range from indolent to aggressive (WHO grade 1-3)
Malignant mass lesions
splenic lymphoma: commonest malignant tumor with splenic involvement 2
angiosarcoma of spleen: commonest primary malignant splenic tumor 3
splenic metastases: 50% of which are from malignant melanoma
splenic malignant fibrous histiocytoma 9
Diffuse infiltrative processes
These usually manifest as splenomegaly. Some can present as distinct lesions (e.g. granulomas).
Multifocal splenic lesions
granulomatous infections
Other abnormalities
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splenic rupture
traumatic: spleen is the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma 2