Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma
Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SGCA) are a group of benign astrocytoma and are seen with increased incidence in tuberous sclerosis (TS).
SGCA is the second most common manifestation of TS. First being tubers. It affects 5% of patients. The foramen of Monroe is the classic location. Some of the subependymal nodules themselves can transform into SGCA over a period of time.
They principally affect patients under 20, but are occasionally found in older people. Symptoms are usually a result of obstructive hydrocephalus because of mass effect around the ventricular system, commonly the interventricular foramen (of Monro), the cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) or the third or fourth ventricles.
Young children who have tuberous sclerosis may be offered screening becuase of the increased risk of developing subependymal giant cell astrocytomas
The main treatment is surgical removal and is usually curative.
