Trapezium fracture
Updates to Article Attributes
Trapezium fractures are uncommon carpal bone injuries. They can either occur in isolation or combination with another carpal bony injury.
Epidemiology
Isolated fractures of the trapezium are only thought to account for 3-5% of all carpal fractures 1-2,2.
Pathology
They can be broadly classified into ridge (most common 2) and body fractures.
Mechanism
They often occur as a result of a high energy trauma and usually involves either direct or indirect axial loading 1. These are most commonly transverse loading injuries in the setting of an adducted thumb in which the first metacarpal is driven into the trapezium 5.
Trapezial ridge fractures may result from a direct blow to the volar surface, dorsoradial impaction or an avulsion injury. Fractures of the trapezial body result from an axial loading or shearing force through the first carpometacarpal joint.
Associations
Trapezial fractures are often associated with a fracture of the first metacarpal base and/or subluxation or dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint.
Trapezial ridge fractures may be associated with wrist injuries, including distal radial fractures.
Radiographic features
General
Non displaced fractures can sometimes be occult. A Robert’s AP view, with the hand in full pronation, is a good way of visualising the trapezium on plain radiographs. If the diagnosis is still in question, a CT or bone scintigraphy could be considered.
Trapezial ridge fractures may be overlooked at routine wrist radiography. Carpal tunnel radiographs may be helpful to detect this fracture 2, whereas CT imaging can be diagnostic.
Treatment and prognosis
Displaced fractures may require open reduction and internal fixation, typically performed with Kirschner wires or screws.
Differential diagnosis
If corticated, consider accessory ossicles in this region such as
See also
-<p><strong>Trapezium fractures</strong> are uncommon carpal bone injuries. They can either occur in isolation or combination with another carpal bony injury.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Isolated fractures of the <a href="/articles/trapezium">trapezium</a> are only thought to account for 3-5% of all <a href="/articles/carpal-fractures">carpal fractures</a> <sup>1-2</sup>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>They can be broadly classified into ridge (most common <sup>2</sup>) and body fractures.</p><h5>Mechanism</h5><p>They often occur as a result of a high energy trauma and usually involves either direct or indirect axial loading <sup>1</sup>. These are most commonly transverse loading injuries in the setting of an adducted thumb in which the first metacarpal is driven into the trapezium<sup> 5</sup>.</p><p>Trapezial ridge fractures may result from a direct blow to the volar surface, dorsoradial impaction or an avulsion injury. Fractures of the trapezial body result from an axial loading or shearing force through the first carpometacarpal joint.</p><h5>Associations</h5><p>Trapezial fractures are often associated with a fracture of the first metacarpal base and/or subluxation or dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint.</p><p>Trapezial ridge fractures may be associated with wrist injuries, including distal radial fractures.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>General</h5><p>Non displaced fractures can sometimes be occult. A Robert’s AP view, with the hand in full pronation, is a good way of visualising the trapezium on plain radiographs. If the diagnosis is still in question, a CT or bone scintigraphy could be considered.</p><p>Trapezial ridge fractures may be overlooked at routine wrist radiography. Carpal tunnel radiographs may be helpful to detect this fracture <sup>2</sup>, whereas CT imaging can be diagnostic.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Displaced fractures may require open reduction and internal fixation, typically performed with <a href="/articles/k-wire">Kirschner wires</a> or screws.</p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>If corticated, consider accessory ossicles in this region such as</p><ul><li><a href="/articles/os-paratrapezium">os paratrapezium</a></li></ul><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/upper-extremity-fractures">upper extremity fractures</a></li></ul>- +<p><strong>Trapezium fractures</strong> are uncommon carpal bone injuries. They can either occur in isolation or combination with another carpal bony injury.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Isolated fractures of the <a href="/articles/trapezium">trapezium</a> are only thought to account for 3-5% of all <a href="/articles/carpal-fractures">carpal fractures</a> <sup>1,2</sup>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>They can be broadly classified into ridge (most common <sup>2</sup>) and body fractures.</p><h5>Mechanism</h5><p>They often occur as a result of a high energy trauma and usually involves either direct or indirect axial loading <sup>1</sup>. These are most commonly transverse loading injuries in the setting of an adducted thumb in which the first metacarpal is driven into the trapezium<sup> 5</sup>.</p><p>Trapezial ridge fractures may result from a direct blow to the volar surface, dorsoradial impaction or an avulsion injury. Fractures of the trapezial body result from an axial loading or shearing force through the first carpometacarpal joint.</p><h5>Associations</h5><p>Trapezial fractures are often associated with a fracture of the first metacarpal base and/or subluxation or dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint.</p><p>Trapezial ridge fractures may be associated with wrist injuries, including distal radial fractures.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>General</h5><p>Non displaced fractures can sometimes be occult. A Robert’s AP view, with the hand in full pronation, is a good way of visualising the trapezium on plain radiographs. If the diagnosis is still in question, a CT or bone scintigraphy could be considered.</p><p>Trapezial ridge fractures may be overlooked at routine wrist radiography. Carpal tunnel radiographs may be helpful to detect this fracture <sup>2</sup>, whereas CT imaging can be diagnostic.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Displaced fractures may require open reduction and internal fixation, typically performed with <a href="/articles/k-wire">Kirschner wires</a> or screws.</p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>If corticated, consider accessory ossicles in this region such as</p><ul><li><a href="/articles/os-paratrapezium">os paratrapezium</a></li></ul><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/upper-extremity-fractures">upper extremity fractures</a></li></ul>
Image 7 MRI (PD fat sat) ( update )
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