Vascular calcification
Radswiki and Dr Hani Alsalam et al.
The differential diagnosis of vascular calcification includes :
Common
- aneurysm
- atherosclerosis
- hemangioma; arteriovenous malformation
- hyperparathyroidism, primary or secondary (renal osteodystrophy)
- Mönckeberg’s medial sclerosis
-
phleboliths
- as part of normal variation
- varicose veins
- haemangioma
- Maffucci syndrome
- premature atherosclerosis
- familial hyperlipemia
- generalized (idiopathic) arterial calcification of infancy
- osteogenesis imperfecta
- progeria
-
secondary hyperlipemia
- congenital total lipodystrophy (lipoatrophic diabetes)
- Cushing syndrome
- diabetes
- glycogen storage disease
- hypothyroidism
- nephrotic syndrome
- renal homotransplantation
- Werner syndrome
Uncommon
- Buerger disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)
- calcified thrombus (eg, vena cava; portal vein; left atrium; pulmonary artery; peripheral artery; Leriche syndrome)
- cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
- gout ; hyperuricemia
- homocystinuria
- hypervitaminosis D
- hypoparathyroidism
- immobilisation
- milk-alkali syndrome
- ochronosis (alkaptonuria)
- oxalosis
- pseudoxanthoma elasticum
- radiation therapy
- Raynaud disease
- sarcoidosis
- Takayasu arteritis
- thermal injury (eg, burns; frostbite)
- widespread bone destruction (eg, metastatic disease)
- Williams syndrome (idiopathic hypercalcemia)
- calciphylaxis
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