Vasculitis
Dr Jeremy Jones and Dr Frank Gaillard et al.
Vasculitis describes generalised inflammation of vessels. Vasculidities carry a broad range of clinical presentations and as a whole can involve almost any organ system.
Pathology
Some vasculitides are due to direct vessel injury from an infectious agent. However a large proportion show evidence of immune complex related vessel wall injury.
Classification
There are many types of classification, and much overlap. One modified on the system proposed by Lie in 1994 is outlined as below :
Primary vasculitides
- affecting large, medium, and small blood vessels - see large vessel vasculitides
- affecting medium and small blood vessels
- affecting small vessels
-
miscellaneous conditions
- Buerger disease - thrombangitis obliterans
- Cogan syndrome
- Kawasaki disease
- Goodpasture syndrome
- Behcet syndrome
Secondary vasculitides
- infection related vasculitis
- vasculitis secondary to connective tissue disease (e.g. SLE, rheumatoid arthritis)
- drug hypersensitivity related vasculitis
- vasculitis secondary to mixed essential cryoglobulinemia
- malignancy related vasculitis (usually lympho proliferative types)
- hypocomplementemic urticaria vasculitis
- post organ transplant vasculitis
-
pseudovasculitic syndromes
- myxoma
- endocarditis
- Sneddon syndrome
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