Articles
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16,903 results found
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (E)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter E and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep both the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q...
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Hemimegalencephaly
Hemimegalencephaly is a rare congenital disorder of cortical formation characterized by hamartomatous overgrowth of all or part of a cerebral hemisphere. This overgrowth results from either increased proliferation or decreased apoptosis (or both) of developing neurons 2.
Epidemiology
Hemimegal...
Article
Aortic dissection
Aortic dissection is the prototype and most common form of acute aortic syndromes and a type of arterial dissection. It occurs when blood enters the medial layer of the aortic wall through a tear or penetrating ulcer in the intima and tracks longitudinally along with the media, forming a second ...
Article
Pulmonary artery intramural hematoma
Pulmonary artery intramural hematoma (PA-IMH) refers to a hemorrhage within the wall of the pulmonary arteries. It can occur alone in the setting of a thoracic aortic injury or as a complication of an acute aortic dissection for example in a setting where the posterior wall of the aortic root is...
Article
Acromioclavicular joint cyst
Acromioclavicular joint cysts are benign lesions, either ganglionic or synovial in etiology.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with a soft, slightly painful mass above the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ), sometimes slightly limiting the shoulder range of motion.
Pathology
Classification
...
Article
Canal wall up mastoidectomy
A canal wall up mastoidectomy is one of the types of mastoidectomies that can be performed. This involves exenteration of the mastoid air cells with preservation of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal, creating a mastoid bowl or cavity.
This procedure includes removal of Koerner...
Article
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a heterogeneous group of autoimmune polyradiculopathies, involving sensory, motor, and autonomic nerves. It is the most common cause of rapidly progressive flaccid paralysis. It is believed to be one of a number of related conditions, sharing a similar underlying...
Article
WHO classification of head and neck tumors
The World Health Organizatiοn (WHO) classification of head and neck tumors is the most widely used pathologic classification system for such disorders. The current revision, part of the 4th edition of the WHO series, was published in 2017 and is reflected in the article below 1.
Classification
...
Article
Penetrating traumatic neck injury
Penetrating traumatic neck injury can be a potentially devastating injury due to the high density of crucial anatomical structures within the neck.
Epidemiology
Young males are highly represented in patients with a traumatic neck injury. In one study, 11:1 ratio of males to females were ident...
Article
Pulmonary cavity
A pulmonary cavity is a collection of gas and/or fluid enclosed by a thick and often irregular wall which usually occurs when central necrotic tissue is expelled via a bronchial connection. Cavities may be single or multiple and can be isolated or associated with lung disease 12.
Terminology
P...
Article
Anti-CRMP-5 optic neuropathy
Anti-CRMP-5 (collapsin response-mediator protein-5) optic neuropathy, also known as anti-CV2 optic neuropathy, is a rare paraneoplastic cause of visual loss, manifesting as prelaminar optic neuritis, uveitis, and/or retinitis.
Epidemiology
Descriptions of anti-CRMP-5 optic neuropathy are confi...
Article
Dysgenesis of the corpus callosum
Dysgenesis of the corpus callosum may be complete (agenesis) or partial (dysgenesis) and represents an in utero developmental anomaly. It can be divided into:
primary agenesis: corpus callosum never forms
secondary dysgenesis: corpus callosum forms normally and is subsequently destroyed
Epide...
Article
Desmoplastic fibroma
Desmoplastic fibromas are extremely rare bone tumors that do not metastasize but may be locally aggressive. They are considered to be a bony counterpart of soft tissue desmoid tumors and are histologically identical.
Epidemiology
Desmoplastic fibroma of bone is rare and mostly found in young ...
Article
Panoramic ultrasound
Panoramic ultrasound is an ultrasound technique which stitches multiple B-mode images together to create a single composite image with an increased field of view (FOV) 1.
Clinical Applications
It is useful in the evaluation of masses/objects of interest which are larger than the typical FOV 1....
Article
Abdominoperineal resection
Abdominoperineal resection (APR), or abdominoperineal excision of the rectum (APER), is a type of surgery for the treatment of predominantly low rectal carcinoma in which the sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal are removed leaving behind a permanent colostomy.
Indications
Most commonly in pa...
Article
Elbow
The elbow is a complex synovial joint formed by the articulations of the humerus, the radius, and the ulna.
Gross anatomy
Articulations
The elbow joint is made up of three articulations 2,3:
radiohumeral: capitellum of the humerus with the radial head
ulnohumeral: trochlea of the humerus w...
Article
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), previously known as Wegener granulomatosis, is a multisystem necrotizing non-caseating granulomatous c-ANCA positive vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized arteries, capillaries, and veins, with a predilection for the respiratory system and kidneys.
T...
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Agatston score
Agatston score is a semi-automated tool to calculate a score based on the extent of coronary artery calcification detected by an unenhanced low-dose CT scan, which is routinely performed in patients undergoing cardiac CT. Due to an extensive body of research, allows for early risk stratification...
Article
Aliasing phenomenon (ultrasound)
Aliasing is a phenomenon inherent to Doppler modalities which utilize intermittent sampling in which an insufficient sampling rate results in an inability to record direction and velocity accurately.
Physics
Unlike continuous wave Doppler, pulsed wave and color flow Doppler modalities alterna...
Article
Left hemicolectomy
Left hemicolectomy is a surgical procedure in which splenic flexure, descending colon, and a portion of the sigmoid colon are removed for radical treatment of various pathologies affecting the descending colon.
Indications
colon cancer
inflammatory bowel disease
isolated left diverticular di...
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