37 results found
Article
CT pelvis (protocol)
The CT pelvis protocol serves as an outline for the acquisition of a pelvic CT. As a separate examination, it might be performed as a non-contrast or contrast study or might be combined with a CT hip or rarely with a CT cystogram. A pelvic CT might be also conducted as a part of other scans such...
Article
Testicular seminoma
Testicular seminomas are a type of germ cell tumor and the most common testicular tumor, accounting for ~45% of all primary testicular tumors. This article concerns only testicular seminomas; however, seminomas can arise outside of the testis, most often within the anterior mediastinum (see arti...
Article
Solitary bone tumor imaging reporting and data system (BTI-RADS)
Solitary bone tumor imaging reporting and data system (BTI-RADS) is a reporting and communication tool designed to stratify benign and malignant bone lesions and to communicate them in a systematic and standardized way 1,2.
History and etymology
The solitary bone tumor imaging reporting and da...
Article
Ovarian transposition
Ovarian transposition is a surgical procedure in which the ovaries are displaced from the pelvis before pelvic radiation therapy in order to protect them from radiation injury.
It is performed in premenopausal women with a variety of pelvic malignancies (e.g cervical cancer, rectal cancer, and ...
Article
Lymphoma of the uterine cervix
Lymphoma of the uterine cervix is generally uncommon and when it does occur tends to present as cervical involvement with added background multi-organ disease rather than isolated primary cervical lymphoma 1. It is often considered part of the spectrum of uterine lymphoma.
Epidemiology
In the ...
Article
Cervical carcinoma
Cervical carcinoma is a malignancy arising from the cervix. It is the third most common gynecologic malignancy (after endometrial and ovarian).
Epidemiology
It typically presents in younger women with an average age of onset at around 45 years.
Risk factors
human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and...
Article
Endometrial carcinoma
Endometrial carcinoma is generally considered the most common gynecological malignancy. It frequently presents with vaginal bleeding. Both ultrasound and pelvic MRI are useful modalities for evaluation.
Epidemiology
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological malignancy, with peak i...
Article
Rhabdomyosarcoma (genitourinary tract)
Rhabdomyosarcomas of the genitourinary tract are uncommon tumors occurring in pelvic organs. It is a disease nearly exclusive to the pediatric population.
For a general discussion of this type of tumor, please refer to the article on rhabdomyosarcomas.
Epidemiology
The peak incidence of tumo...
Article
CT abdomen-pelvis (protocol)
The CT abdomen-pelvis protocol serves as an outline for an examination of the whole abdomen including the pelvis. It is one of the most common CT protocols for any clinical questions related to the abdomen and/or in routine and emergencies. It forms also an integral part of trauma and oncologic ...
Article
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer ranks as the most common primary malignant tumor in men and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Prostatic adenocarcinoma is by far the most common histological type and is the primary focus of this article.
Terminology
The aim of prostate MRI is to det...
Article
Seminal vesicle stones
Seminal vesicle stones or calculi refer to solid mineralized pieces of material within the seminal vesicles.
Epidemiology
Seminal vesicle calculi are rare and have been mainly reported after the age of 40 years 1.
Associations
Seminal vesicle calculi are often associated with hematospermia.
...
Article
Prostate cancer (staging)
Prostate cancer staging takes into account a TNM staging system (primary site, nodal and distant metastases), pretreatment PSA and histological grading. The Gleason score is used to determine the Grade Group.
A superseded staging system is the Whitmore-Jewett staging system.
Additionally, the...
Article
Prostatic leiomyoma
Prostatic leiomyomas are benign mesenchymal tumors of the prostate.
Epidemiology
Prostatic leiomyomas are very rare 1-3.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of prostatic leiomyoma is based on histology.
Clinical presentation
Prostatic leiomyomas can present with voiding difficulties or obstructive sym...
Article
Primary urethral cancer
Primary urethral cancer, in most cases a urethral carcinoma, is a rare urological malignancy. It can be divided into female urethral cancer and male urethral cancer.
Epidemiology
It has an incidence of 4.3 per million for males and 1.5 per million for females. It usually manifests in the 5th d...
Article
Metastatic melanoma
Metastatic melanoma is known for its aggressive nature and for its ability to metastasize to a variety of atypical locations, which is why it demonstrates poor prognostic characteristics.
Epidemiology
Melanoma accounts for ~5% of all skin cancers, however, it remains the leading cause of death...
Article
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (peritoneal)
Desmoplastic small round cell tumors of the peritoneum are a rare and highly aggressive primary peritoneal malignancy.
Epidemiology
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor is usually seen in young adolescents and have a male predominance with a mean survival of 2-3 years.
Clinical presentation
A...
Article
Seminal vesicle cystadenoma
Seminal vesicle cystadenomas are a benign subgroup of mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the seminal vesicles.
Epidemiology
Benign tumors of the seminal vesicles are very rare and so are cystadenomas 1.
Clinical presentation
Voiding difficulties or hematuria have been reported as clinica...
Article
CT chest abdomen-pelvis (protocol)
The CT chest-abdomen-pelvis protocol serves as an outline for an examination of the trunk covering the chest, abdomen and pelvis. It is one of the most common CT examinations conducted in routine and emergencies. It can be combined with a CT angiogram.
Note: This article aims to frame a genera...
Article
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract and is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in adults. CT is the mainstay for colon cancer locoregional staging and MRI is the mainstay for rectal cancer locoregional staging.
This article focuses on co...
Article
Bone metastases
Bone (skeletal) metastases are the third most frequent behind lung and liver metastases 6. They result in significant morbidity in patients with metastatic disease. Although the diagnosis is often straightforward, especially as in many cases there is a well-documented history of metastatic malig...
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