Search results for “abdominal ct ”
584 results found
Article
Midgut volvulus
Midgut volvulus is a complication of bowel malrotation usually seen in neonates and infants. Presentation is usually with proximal small bowel obstruction and bilious vomiting. Without prompt treatment, there is a real and significant risk of small bowel ischemia, significant associated morbidit...
Article
Incarcerated
Incarcerated (also referred to as irreducible) is used to describe herniae, in which their contents are unable to pass back through the hernial opening to their anatomical site of origin 5.
Incarceration is a risk factor for bowel obstruction and strangulation, and therefore usually necessitat...
Article
Pulmonary sequestration
Pulmonary sequestration, also called accessory lung, refers to the aberrant formation of segmental lung tissue that has no connection with the bronchial tree or pulmonary arteries. It is a bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM).
There are two types:
intralobar sequestration (ILS)
extral...
Article
Abdominal tuberculosis
Abdominal tuberculosis can manifest in almost every abdominopelvic organ:
gastrointestinal tuberculosis
esophageal tuberculosis
gastric tuberculosis
duodenal tuberculosis
jejunal and ileal tuberculosis
ileocecal tuberculosis
colorectal tuberculosis
tuberculous peritonitis
tubercular lym...
Article
Abdominal compartment syndrome
Abdominal compartment syndrome is a disease defined by the presence of new end-organ dysfunction secondary to elevated intra-abdominal pressure. Radiological diagnosis is difficult and usually suggested when a collection of imaging findings are present in the appropriate clinical setting or if t...
Article
Aortic dissection
Aortic dissection is the prototype and most common form of acute aortic syndromes and a type of arterial dissection. It occurs when blood enters the medial layer of the aortic wall through a tear or penetrating ulcer in the intima and tracks longitudinally along with the media, forming a second ...
Article
Veiled right kidney sign
The veiled right kidney sign is a sonographic sign described in pneumoretroperitoneum, most commonly due to duodenal perforation.
It refers to the appearance of the right kidney on transabdominal ultrasound 1-4. On ultrasound, there is difficulty in obtaining images of the right kidney due to i...
Article
Tricuspid valve regurgitation
Tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR), also known as tricuspid valve insufficiency or tricuspid valve incompetence (TI), is a valvulopathy that describes leaking of the tricuspid valve (TV) during systole that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction from the right ventricle (RV) into the righ...
Article
Gossypiboma
A gossypiboma, also called textiloma or cottonoid, refers to a foreign object, such as a mass of cotton matrix or a sponge, that is left behind in a body cavity during surgery. It is an uncommon surgical complication. The manifestations and complications of gossypibomas are so variable that diag...
Article
CT abdomen-pelvis (protocol)
The CT abdomen-pelvis protocol serves as an outline for an examination of the whole abdomen including the pelvis. It is one of the most common CT protocols for any clinical questions related to the abdomen and/or in routine and emergencies. It forms also an integral part of trauma and oncologic ...
Article
Increased splenic density
Increased splenic density can be due to a number of processes. The density may be due to calcification (most common) or other compounds (iron, Thorotrast), and can be seen (often incidentally) on abdominal radiographs and CT. On CT the usual splenic attenuation is 35-55 HU or ~10 HU 6 lower than...
Article
Adrenal gland trauma
Adrenal gland trauma most commonly results from blunt force trauma.
Epidemiology
Adrenal gland trauma is present on 1-2% of CT imaging in blunt trauma although the occurrence is thought to be much higher as injury has been demonstrated at 28% in one autopsy series 1-4.
The right adrenal glan...
Article
Fecolith
A fecolith, also known as a coprolith or stercolith, is a stony mass of compacted feces. They are most common in the descending and sigmoid colon, but may also form in the small bowel or appendix 1,2.
Clinical presentation
Fecoliths differ in their presentation based on size and location and m...
Article
Large bowel obstruction
Large bowel obstruction (LBO) is often impressive on imaging, on account of the ability of the large bowel to massively distend. This condition requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Terminology
Bowel obstruction may be complete or incomplete 6:
complete or high grade obstruction means tha...
Article
Chinese dragon sign (vascular)
The Chinese dragon sign is a radiological sign on abdominal radiograph and CT describing the radiologic appearance of calcified tortuous splenic artery that resembles a Chinese dragon. The tortuous splenic artery segment on the splenic hilum side represents the dragon head while the other arteri...
Article
Peritoneal to abdominal height ratio (PAR)
Peritoneal to abdominal height ratio (PAR) ≥0.52 is a statistically associated sign for raised intra-abdominal pressure >12 mmHg in the context of abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill patients in CT.
It can be calculated by dividing the distance from the linea alba to the posterio...
Article
Hinchey classification of acute diverticulitis
The Hinchey classification for acute diverticulitis (anywhere along the bowel, not just the colon) has been variously adapted and modified since its original description, and is useful not only in academia but also in outlining successive stages of severity 3,5,6. Adoption and utility of the va...
Article
Mesenteric ischemia
Mesenteric ischemia, also commonly referred to as bowel or intestinal ischemia, refers to vascular compromise of the bowel and its mesentery that in the acute setting has a very high mortality if not treated expediently. Mesenteric ischemia is far more commonly acute than chronic in etiology. Th...
Article
Abdominal x-ray (summary)
This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists
Abdominal radiographs can be a useful examination, but you need to think about the question you are asking before getting the test. Before the advent of computerized tomography (CT) imaging, it was a primary means of invest...
Article
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (summary)
This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists
Gastric-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a spectrum of disease that occurs when gastric acid refluxes into the lower esophagus
Reference article
This is a summary article; read more in our article on gastro-esophageal ...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.