3,590 results found
Article
Notochord
The notochord represents the earliest fetal axial skeleton, extending from the Rathke pouch to the coccyx. It is a primitive cell line from which the skull base and vertebral column develop. The notochord is cylindrical and is replaced by sclerotomes that produce cartilage, and subsequently bone...
Article
Intercalary bone
Intercalary bones are common discal ossifications that are usually triangular in morphology, found in the anterior annular fibers of an intervertebral disc, and are thought to be degenerative in etiology.
Differential diagnosis
limbus vertebra
flexion or extension teardrop fracture
Case
Ganglioneurocytoma
Published
10 May 2015
95% complete
MRI
Case
Giant cell tumor - lumbosacral spine
Published
11 May 2023
78% complete
Annotated image
X-ray
CT
MRI
Article
H-shaped vertebra
H-shaped vertebrae, also known as Lincoln log vertebrae, are a characteristic finding of sharply delimited central endplate depression, classically seen in approximately 10% of patients with sickle cell disease, and results from microvascular endplate infarction (Figure 1) 3.
It may occasionall...
Case
Burst fracture
Published
08 Feb 2024
92% complete
CT
Article
Facet joint tropism
Facet joint tropism refers to a situation where there is a difference in the orientation/angle of facet joints (i.e. between the left and right sides) with respect to each other in the sagittal plane. This can lead to unequal biomechanical forces on the facet joints and intervertebral disc durin...
Case
Intraspinal hematoma and dural fistula
Published
04 Aug 2022
95% complete
MRI
Case
Tarlov cysts
Published
16 Oct 2008
56% complete
MRI
Case
Toothpaste (photo)
Published
10 May 2015
29% complete
Photo
Case
Lumbosacral transitional vertebral with pars defect
Published
23 Apr 2023
100% complete
X-ray
Case
Occult spinal dysraphism
Published
22 Jan 2016
80% complete
X-ray
MRI
Case
Demyelination
Published
28 Sep 2010
65% complete
MRI
Article
Suboccipital muscle group
The suboccipital muscle group contains four paired muscles, three of which pairs belong to the suboccipital triangle. These muscles all lie below the occipital bone and are responsible for postural support of the head, as well as extension, lateral flexion and rotation. As these muscles are smal...
Article
Whiplash syndrome
Whiplash syndrome, also known as whiplash-associated disorders (WAD), are the various symptoms caused by rapid acceleration and/or deceleration injuries, which result in cervical sprain or strain.
Epidemiology
Whiplash is a common injury, usually associated with motor vehicle collisions 1-5. T...
Case
Sesamoid ossicle of the nuchal ligament
Published
24 Jan 2022
91% complete
X-ray
Case
Chalk stick fracture - ankylosing spondylitis
Published
06 Apr 2022
95% complete
CT
MRI
Case
Myxopapillary ependymoma of the filum terminale
Published
24 Sep 2011
71% complete
MRI
Case
Tuberculous spondylitis
Published
08 Aug 2020
92% complete
CT
Article
Fifth lumbar vertebra (L5)
The fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) is the largest of the five lumbar vertebrae and is considered an atypical vertebra due to its shape.
Gross anatomy
L5 is the largest, most inferior lumbar discovertebral unit in the vertebral column, and participates in forming the lumbar lordosis (from L1 to L5...
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