Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
193 results found
Article
Perirenal space
The perirenal space is the largest of the three divisions of the retroperitoneum and is the most easily identified. It contains the kidneys, renal vessels, proximal collecting systems, adrenal glands and an adequate amount of fat to allow identification on CT scanning. It also contains the perin...
Article
Rectouterine pouch
The rectouterine pouch (TA: excavatio rectouterina 3), also known as the rectovaginal pouch, cul-de-sac or pouch of Douglas, is an extension of peritoneum between the posterior wall of uterus and the rectum in females. It is the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity and is analogous to th...
Article
Sphincter (disambiguation)
A sphincter (TA: musculus sphincter) is a term used in anatomy to refer a ring of muscle which narrows a tube or closes off a bodily orifice 1.
anal sphincter
external anal sphincter
internal anal sphincter
hepatic sphincter
esophageal sphincter
lower esophageal sphincter
upper esophagea...
Article
Deep inguinal lymph nodes
The deep inguinal lymph nodes (often shortened to the deep inguinal nodes) form a subgroup of the inguinal lymph node group, and are located within the femoral canal (medial compartment of the femoral sheath), medial to the femoral vein. They receive afferent lymphatic drainage from the deep lym...
Article
Pararectal space
The pararectal spaces are paired, triangular-shaped spaces in the posterior pelvis.
Gross anatomy
Boundaries
anterior: cardinal ligament
medial: rectal pillars
lateral: levator ani muscle, internal iliac arteries
posterior: sacrum
Contents
fat
connective tissue
Relations
separated fr...
Article
External iliac lymph nodes
The external iliac lymph nodes can be found surrounding the external iliac artery and act as the draining nodes for several regions of the pelvis and lower limb.
Gross anatomy
The external iliac lymph nodes lie anterior to the internal iliac lymph nodes and usually form three separate subgrou...
Article
Splenogonadal fusion
Splenogonadal fusion is a rare anomaly that occurs when there is congenital fusion between a portion of the spleen and a gonad or other mesonephric derivative.
Epidemiology
Much more common in male patients (~95%), occurs most commonly on the left (98%) and usually involves the testis (95%). H...
Article
Circumcaval ureter
Circumcaval ureter, also known as retrocaval ureter, is a term used to describe an abnormal course of a ureter that encircles the inferior vena cava. Both of these terms are somewhat misleading, as this configuration is considered a developmental anomaly of the inferior vena cava (IVC).
Clinic...
Article
Superficial perineal pouch
The superficial perineal pouch is an anatomic space below the perineal membrane in the urogenital triangle of the perineum.
Gross anatomy
The superficial perineal pouch is inferior (superficial) to the perineal membrane in the urogenital triangle, anterior to the transverse line between the is...
Article
Cremasteric artery
The cremasteric artery is a small branch of the inferior epigastric artery that enters the deep inguinal ring of the inguinal canal and supplies the layers of the spermatic cord and also the skin of the scrotum, including the cremaster muscle.
History and etymology
The word "cremaster" derives...
Article
Utricle (disambiguation)
The utricle may refer to:
utricle of the inner ear
utricle of the prostatic urethra
Article
Faceless kidney
A faceless kidney refers to one in which the normal appearance of the renal sinus on cross-sectional imaging is absent. It was initially described as a sign of duplication of the collecting system 1 (a slice obtained between the two collecting systems will not demonstrate the normal components o...
Article
Gonadal artery
The gonadal arteries are the paired primary vascular supply to the gonads: ovaries in the female and the testes in the male. As the anatomy of the gonadal arteries differs substantially between the sexes, they are covered separately:
ovarian arteries
testicular arteries
Article
Paraurethral glands
Paraurethral glands (or Skene glands) lie within the wall of the distal female urethra and secrete mucus during sexual activity. Each gland is drained by a single paraurethral (Skene) duct. They are homologous to the male prostate gland.
If the paraurethral duct becomes obstructed (inflammation...
Article
Superior adrenal artery
The superior adrenal (suprarenal) arteries are a group of arteries that together form one of the three adrenal arteries that supply the adrenal gland. There are usually numerous small arteries arising from the inferior phrenic artery.
Gross anatomy
Origin
The superior suprarenal arteries aris...
Article
Ureteral duplication
Ureteral duplication is the most common congenital abnormality associated with the urinary tract, and occurs in ~1% of the population.
Gross anatomy
Duplication can occur unilaterally or bilaterally, and may be partial or complete:
partially duplicated ureters fuse into a single ureter proxim...
Article
Commissure (disambiguation)
A commissure (TA: commissura) is a location at which two anatomical structures are united. Though the term most commonly refers to the commissures in the brain, there are a number which exist in the human body:
central nervous system
corpus callosum
anterior commissure
posterior commissure
...
Article
Hypertrophied column of Bertin
Columns of Bertin represent the extension of renal cortical tissue which separates the pyramids, and as such are normal structures. They become of radiographic importance when they are unusually enlarged and may be mistaken for a renal mass (renal pseudotumor).
Nomenclature of such enlarged col...
Article
Female urethra
The female urethra is a simple short tube, that transports urine out of the body, extending from the internal urethral orifice of the bladder to the external urethral orifice in the vestibule of the vagina.
Gross anatomy
The female urethra measures approximately 4 cm in length. It is embedded...
Article
Inferior adrenal artery
The inferior adrenal (suprarenal) artery is one of three adrenal arteries that supplies the adrenal gland.
Gross anatomy
Origin
Ipsilateral renal artery (usually before the terminal division of the renal artery)
Location
The course of the inferior suprarenal artery depends on its origin. Re...
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