Search results for “abdominal ct ”
584 results found
Article
CT hypoperfusion complex
CT hypoperfusion complex refers to the predominantly abdominal imaging features that occur in the context of profound hypotension. Multiple abdominal organs can display atypical appearances not related to the initial trauma but reflect alterations in perfusion secondary to hypovolemia which affe...
Article
Bowel and mesenteric trauma
Bowel and mesenteric trauma can result from blunt force, penetrating and iatrogenic trauma. CT is the gold standard imaging modality but CT findings are nonspecific 12.
Epidemiology
The bowel and mesentery are injured in ~2.5% (range 0.3-5%) of blunt force abdominal trauma 1,3,5,8. However not...
Article
Transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap
Transplantation of a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap is a commonly used surgical procedure for breast reconstruction following mastectomy.
An autologous myocutaneous flap consisting of abdominal skin, subcutaneous fat, the rectus abdominis muscle, and adjoining vasculature ...
Article
Radiology training in the United States of America
Radiology training in the United States of America is a five-year residency after obtaining a medical degree (MD or DO). The majority of residency graduates pursue a subspecialty fellowship after graduating from a residency program.
The educational pathway leading to diagnostic radiology consis...
Article
Valvulae conniventes
The valvulae conniventes, also known as Kerckring folds/valves, plicae circulares or just small bowel folds, are the mucosal folds of the small intestine, starting from the second part of the duodenum, they are large and thick at the jejunum and considerably decrease in size distally in the ileu...
Article
Ureteric calculi
Ureteric calculi or stones are those lying within the ureter, at any point from the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) to the vesicoureteric junction (VUJ). They are the classic cause of renal colic-type abdominal pain. They are a subtype of the broader pathology of urolithiasis.
Epidemiology
The li...
Article
Complications post optical colonoscopy
Complications post optical colonoscopy are most commonly assessed by CT if patients present with abdominal symptoms post colonoscopy. Complications include:
bowel perforation (most common)
pneumoperitoneum
pneumoretroperitoneum
pneumomediastinum
pneumothorax
lower gastrointestinal hemorrha...
Article
Typhlitis
Typhlitis, also known as neutropenic colitis, is a necrotizing inflammatory condition which typically originates in the cecum and, often extends into the ascending colon, appendix or terminal ileum, by the time of presentation. In general patients are immunocompromised, usually neutropenic.
Ter...
Article
Acute abdominal pain
Acute abdominal pain is a common acute presentation in clinical practice. It encompasses a very broad range of possible etiologies and diagnoses, and imaging is routinely employed as the primary investigative tool in its modern management.
Terminology
A subgroup of patients with acute abdomina...
Article
Arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia
Arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia can be a life-threatening event related to obstruction of the mesenteric arteries, most commonly the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), supplying the small bowel and colon. It is the most common cause of mesenteric ischemia.
Epidemiology
An acute occlusi...
Article
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (summary)
This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are focal dilatations of the abdominal aorta that are 50% greater than the proximal normal segment or >3 cm in maximum diameter.
Reference article
This is a summary article; read more in o...
Article
Fetus in fetu
Fetus-in-fetu is an extremely rare abnormality that occurs secondary to abnormal embryogenesis in a monochorionic diamniotic pregnancy where a non-viable fetus becomes enclosed within a normally developing fetus.
Epidemiology
Fetus-in-fetu is very rare, with an incidence of 1/500,000 live birt...
Article
Agatston score
Agatston score is a semi-automated tool to calculate a score based on the extent of coronary artery calcification detected by an unenhanced low-dose CT scan, which is routinely performed in patients undergoing cardiac CT. Due to an extensive body of research, it allows for early risk stratificat...
Article
Transient intussusception
Transient or uncomplicated intussusception is known to occur in adults and children and can be considered physiological. Given the condition's transient nature, it is probably underdiagnosed. The main factors distinguishing transient from intussusceptions requiring surgical intervention are abse...
Article
String of pearls sign (gastrointestinal)
The string of pearls (or beads) sign can be seen on upright or decubitus abdominal radiographs as well as on CT in patients with small bowel obstruction, increased intraluminal fluid, and slow resorption of intraluminal gas.
It consists of an obliquely or horizontally oriented row of small gas ...
Article
Lateral decubitus
The lateral decubitus position is a fundamental patient orientation employed in medical imaging. The patient lies on their side, either left or right, with the body's longitudinal axis perpendicular to the imaging table.
Terminology
By convention the side that is down in contact with the table...
Article
Intrathoracic kidney
An intrathoracic kidney is a very rare form of ectopic kidney. There has been no reported increased incidence of stones or infections as can be seen with other forms of ectopic kidneys. The adrenal glands are usually normal in location in most cases.
Epidemiology
Thoracic ectopic kidney is rar...
Article
Isolated periaortitis
Isolated periaortitis is a non-aneurysmal form of chronic periaortitis.
Clinical features
pain
fever
fatigue
weight loss
anemia
mesenteric arterial ischemia: abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage
renal artery stenosis: renovascular hypertension
vascular impairment ...
Article
Normal radiological reference values
A list of normal radiological reference values is as follows:
adrenal gland: <1 cm thick, 4-6 cm length
abdominal aorta: <3 cm diameter
appendix: on CT <6 mm caliber
atlantodental distance
adults: <3 mm
children: <5 mm
azygos vein: on erect chest x-ray <10 mm diameter
bladder wall: <3 mm...
Article
Portal vein calcification
Portal vein calcification is a rare radiologic finding which can be seen in long-standing portal venous hypertension.
Pathology
Calcium may be deposited in a thrombus or in the wall of the portal vein and is more rarely found in the splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein.
One of the propos...
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