Items tagged “cases”
5,524 results found
Article
Johansson classification
The Johansson classification of periprosthetic hip fractures was the first classification system proposed and is the simplest. It is based on the level of the fracture in relation to the prosthesis.
type I: fracture proximal to the tip of the prosthesis with the stem still in contact with the m...
Article
Progeria
Progeria is a term used for any syndrome in which a person is prematurely aged, however, it most commonly refers to Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), not to be confused with Hutchinson syndrome.
Radiographic features
Although the primary clinical manifestations of progeria include s...
Article
Vancouver classification of periprosthetic hip fractures
The Vancouver classification of periprosthetic hip fractures, proposed by Duncan and Masri, is the most widely used classification system for periprosthetic fractures of the hip. It evaluates the fracture site, the status of the femoral implant, and the quality of the surrounding femoral bone st...
Article
Cowper duct syringocele
Cowper duct syringocele refers to cystic dilatation of the main duct of the bulbourethral (Cowper) glands.
Clinical presentation
Affected patients may present with postvoid dribbling, urinary frequency, weak stream, or hematuria.
Pathology
Four groups of syringoceles have been described 2:
...
Article
American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons classification of periprosthetic hip fractures
The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons classification of periprosthetic hip fractures divides the femur into three separate regions:
level I: proximal femur distally to the lower extent of the lesser trochanter
level II: 10 cm of femur distal to level I
level III: femur distal to level...
Article
Cooke and Newman classification
The Cooke and Newman classification of periprosthetic hip fractures is a modification of the Bethea classification proposed several years earlier.
type I
explosion type fracture, comminuted around the stem of the implant
the prosthesis is always loose and the fracture is inherently unstable
...
Article
Collateral sulcus
The collateral sulcus, also known as the medial occipitotemporal sulcus, runs anteroposteriorly on the inferior surface of the temporal lobe and occipital lobe. Anteriorly it is sometimes continuous with the rhinal sulcus 1-3.
Anteriorly, it separates the fusiform gyrus laterally, from the par...
Article
Obturator vein
The obturator vein travels between the adductor region of the thigh and the internal iliac vein entering the pelvis through the obturator foramen, along with the obturator artery and obturator nerve.
Gross anatomy
Course and termination
Along the pelvic side wall, the vein travels between th...
Article
Clivus
The clivus (of Blumenbach) is the sloping midline surface of the skull base anterior to the foramen magnum and posterior to the dorsum sellae 1.
Gross anatomy
Specifically, the clivus is formed by the sphenoid body and the basiocciput, which join at the spheno-occipital synchondrosis. At the ...
Article
Sedimentation sign in tumoral calcinosis
Sedimentation sign in tumoral calcinosis represents the fluid-calcium levels caused by calcium layering within the cystic spaces of the lesion.
On radiograph or CT scan the calcium level appears hyperdense at the bottom of the cyst; however on MRI sedimented calcium containing level appears hy...
Article
Perineurioma
Perineuriomas are rare WHO grade 1 tumors composed of neoplastic perineural cells. They are found either in the deep soft tissues or arising from peripheral nerves of the limbs or rarely the cranial nerves.
Epidemiology
The epidemiology of perineuriomas depends on their locations.
Soft tiss...
Article
Increased fetal abdominal circumference
Increased fetal abdominal circumference is usually given when the abdominal circumference lies above the 90th percentile. During the second and especially the third trimester, an increased abdominal circumference usually contributes to a high estimated fetal weight (large for dates fetus), which...
Article
Total knee arthroplasty
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), or total knee replacement (TKR), or tricompartmental knee replacement is an orthopedic procedure whereby the three articular surfaces of the knee (femoral, tibial, and patellar) are replaced by prosthetic components.
TKA is the most common joint arthroplasty perfo...
Article
Superior geniculocalcarine tract
The superior geniculocalcarine tract or superior optic radiation is the dorsal/posterior/superior fibers of the optic radiation. These superior fibers pass dorsally and posteriorly from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus through the retrolentiform internal capsule and parietal lobe t...
Article
Post-thrombotic syndrome
Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a syndrome of chronic venous insufficiency following deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to valvular incompetence, which results in chronic reflux and chronic venous hypertension.
Epidemiology
PTS is a common complication following extensive DVT of the limbs. Up to...
Article
Raynaud phenomenon
Raynaud phenomenon, also known as Raynaud syndrome, describes a localized vasculopathy whereby there is an exaggerated vascular response to cold temperature or emotional stresses.
Terminology
Raynaud phenomenon is classified as being either 'primary' or idiopathic, or 'secondary' to another un...
Article
Inguinal endometriosis
Inguinal endometriosis is an unusual extrapelvic site for endometriosis.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is <0.1% among those having endometriosis 4. There is an increased right-sided predilection (~85% of reported cases) 9.
Clinical presentation
Patients may present with a tender groin...
Article
Verocay bodies
Verocay bodies are a histological feature of schwannomas and represent a particular growth pattern of Antoni type A pattern. A Verocay body is composed of two parallel rows of nuclear palisades separated by an anuclear zone 1.
History and etymology
Verocay bodies are named after Jose Juan Ver...
Article
Iliac vein occlusion
Iliac vein occlusion can be due to a variety of causes including:
iatrogenic
neonatal catheters
catheter dissection injuries
IVC filter insertion
dialysis catheters
malignancy-related
direct tumor invasion
radiotherapy
enlarged lymph nodes
hypercoagulable state
prior DVTs
May-Thrun...
Article
Kaiser score: breast MRI classification flowchart
The Kaiser score is an evidence-based clinical decision rule to distinguish benign from malignant lesions in breast MRI. It incorporates five BI-RADS descriptors:
spiculations
suspicious protrusion from the lesion surface that has concave lateral aspects
this includes classical spicu...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.