Items tagged “stub”
1,313 results found
Article
Aspergillus clavatus
Aspergillus clavatus is one of the species of Aspergillus that can cause pathology in humans. It is allergenic and causes a hypersensitivity pneumonitis called malt-workers lung.
See also
Aspergillus
Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus clavatus
Article
Uterine dehiscence
Uterine dehiscence is usually used to refer to the process of gradual myometrial rupture without a rupture of membranes. However, the term is used synonymously with uterine rupture by some authors. It is often described in the context of a cesarean section scar where it is also termed an incisio...
Article
Cebocephaly
Cebocephaly refers to a type of rare midline craniofacial anomaly where there is a single nostril (which usually ends blindly 6-7) with proboscis-like nose 8 and hypotelorism.
Pathology
Associations
holoprosencephaly: particularly alobar holoprosencephaly
trisomy 13
See also
ethmocephaly
...
Article
Ethmocephaly
Ethmocephaly refers to a rare type of midline cranio-facial anomaly that is characterized by the presence of extreme hypotelorism, arhinia and a midline proboscis.
Pathology
Associations
holoprosencephaly 1,2: particularly alobar holoprosencephaly
See also
cebocephaly
Article
VACTERL-H association
The VACTERL-H association is a rare non-random association which bears the features of the standard VACTERL association with added fetal hydrocephalus.
Unlike the standard VACTERL association which is sporadic, the VACTERL-H is hereditary with both X-linked 3 and autosomal recessive 2 inheritan...
Article
Overlapping fetal fingers
Overlapping fetal fingers is an antenatal ultrasound observation where the fetal fingers are seen to overlap each other. It may be seen seen with a concurrent clenched fetal hand. If the hand is clenched typically the 2nd finger is seen to overlap the 3rd 4.
Pathology
Associations
a well re...
Article
Umbilical venous flow assessment
Umbilical venous flow in the physiological situation comprises of a monophasic non-pulsatile flow pattern in the umbilical vein with a mean velocity of 10-15 cm/s. Since a normal umbilical vein supplies a continuous forward flow of oxygenated blood to the fetal heart, the presence of pulsatility...
Article
Atelencephaly
Atelencephaly (also termed atelencephalic microcephaly) is a rare and extreme disorder with only a handful of published cases. In this anomaly, the derivatives of the telencephalon are absent or dysplastic, while more caudal structures are normal or mildly deformed. It falls under the aprosencep...
Article
Aprosencephaly
Aprosencephaly is an extremely rare anomaly fetal cerebral development the derivatives of the telencephalon as well as the diencephalon are absent or dysplastic, while more caudal structures are normal or mildly deformed. It falls under the aprosencephaly / atelencephaly spectrum (AAS).
See al...
Article
Suture calcification in breast
Suture calcification in breast can be seen after a lumpectomy and/or radiation therapy. It is theorized that tissue damage from radiation therapy delays the resorption of the suture. The residual suture material is thought to act as a nidus for calcification.
Radiographic features
Mammography
...
Article
Giant fibroadenoma
Giant fibroadenomas are fibroadenomas weighing more than 500 grams or measuring >5 cm in size 2.
Please refer to the fibroadenoma article for further details.
Epidemiology
They are usually encountered in pregnant or lactating women.
Clinical presentation
The typical presentation is in a wom...
Article
Prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize faces. There are varying degrees of impairment and in some cases only the recognition of familiar faces may be affected. There is usually preservation of other aspects of visual processing and intellectual functioning. With the most extreme impairment ...
Article
Bremsstrahlung radiation
X-rays are produced by high-energy electrons bombarding a target, especially targets with a high proton number (Z). When bombarding electrons penetrate the target, some electrons travel close to the nucleus due to the attraction of its positive charge and are subsequently influenced by its elect...
Article
Hummingbird sign (midbrain)
The hummingbird sign, also known as the penguin sign, refers to the appearance of the brainstem in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
The atrophy of the midbrain results in a profile of the brainstem (in the sagittal plane) in which the preserved pons forms the body of the bir...
Article
Cystic mass adjacent to the angle of mandible (differential)
The differential diagnosis of a cystic mass adjacent to the angle of mandible includes:
2nd branchial cleft cyst
lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma)
cystic lymphadenopathy
from tuberculosis
from metastatic squamous cell carcinoma
from metastatic papillary thyroid cancer
See also
cys...
Article
Vaginal cancer (staging)
The staging of primary vaginal cancer covers all histological subtypes and is as follows
FIGO staging system
stage 0: carcinoma in situ
stage I: tumor confined to vagina
stage II: invasion of paravaginal tissues but no extension beyond pelvic side walls
stage III: extension to pelvic side w...
Article
Vaginal lymphoma
Vaginal lymphoma can refer to:
secondary involvement of the vagina (secondary vaginal lymphoma) from widespread generalized lymphoma
relatively commoner
usually comprises of diffuse large cell B non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (DLBCL) 2
primary vaginal lymphoma
much rarer
Article
Lung parenchyma
Lung parenchyma is the portion of the lung involved in gas transfer, predominantly the alveoli.1,2 Other authors may include interstitial tissues in the definition of lung parenchyma.3
Related pathology
parenchymal lung disease
See also
parenchyma
Article
Parenchyma
In anatomy, parenchyma refers to the functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma or interstitium, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, such as the connective tissues.
Embryologically, the majority of organ parenchyma develops from the ectoderm or endod...
Article
Pulmonary mass
A pulmonary mass is any area of pulmonary opacification that measures more than 30 mm, an arbitrary but useful measurement. The commonest cause of a pulmonary mass is primary lung cancer 1-3:
bronchogenic carcinoma
granuloma: most common non-malignant cause
sarcoidosis
infections
Mycobacter...
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