Hallux valgus

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A hallux valgus is fixed abduction of the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. It is usually due to metatarsus primus varus which is medial deviation or adduction of the first metatarsal with an increased first-second metatarsal angle.

Radiographic appearance

Plain radiograph

A normal first metatarsophalangeal angle is <15° on AP weight-bearing radiograph²; anything greater indicates hallux valgus. The first-second intermetatarsal angle should be <9° on weight-bearing radiograph².

There is a close association between the degree of metatarsus primus varus and hallux valgus. The combined deformities are present to some degree in most patients. Hallux valgus may be a result of metatarsus primus varus, and surgical correction is often based on this theory.

Treatment and prognosis

As a surgical intervention, the scarf osteotomy is widely used method ^4-5.

-<p>A <strong>hallux valgus</strong> is fixed abduction of the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. It is usually due to <a href="/articles/metatarsus-primus-varus">metatarsus primus varus</a> which is medial deviation or adduction of the first <a href="/articles/metatarsal">metatarsal</a> with an increased first-second metatarsal angle.</p><h4>Radiographic appearance</h4><h5>Plain radiograph</h5><p>A normal first metatarsophalangeal angle is <15° on AP weight-bearing radiograph<sup>2</sup>; anything greater indicates hallux valgus. The first-second intermetatarsal angle should be <9° on weight-bearing radiograph<sup>2</sup>.</p><p>There is a close association between the degree of metatarsus primus varus and hallux valgus. The combined deformities are present to some degree in most patients. Hallux valgus may be a result of metatarsus primus varus, and surgical correction is often based on this theory.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>As a surgical intervention, the <a href="/articles/scarf-osteotomy">scarf osteotomy</a> is widely used method <sup>4-5</sup>.</p>
+<p>A <strong>hallux valgus</strong> is fixed abduction of the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. It is usually due to <a href="/articles/metatarsus-primus-varus">metatarsus primus varus</a> which is medial deviation or adduction of the first <a href="/articles/metatarsal">metatarsal</a> with an increased first-second metatarsal angle.</p><h4>Radiographic appearance</h4><h5>Plain radiograph</h5><p>A normal first metatarsophalangeal angle is <15° on AP weight-bearing radiograph <sup>2</sup>; anything greater indicates hallux valgus. The first-second intermetatarsal angle should be <9° on weight-bearing radiograph <sup>2</sup>.</p><p>There is a close association between the degree of metatarsus primus varus and hallux valgus. The combined deformities are present to some degree in most patients. Hallux valgus may be a result of metatarsus primus varus, and surgical correction is often based on this theory.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>As a surgical intervention, the <a href="/articles/scarf-osteotomy">scarf osteotomy</a> is widely used method <sup>4-5</sup>.</p>

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Hallux valgus

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Radiographic appearance

Plain radiograph

Treatment and prognosis

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