An ileostomy is a surgical method in which a loop of the distal small bowel is connected and opened through the outer abdominal wall to artificially create a connection and bypass the large bowel.
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Pathology
Types
There are two types of ileostomies:
- permanent end ileostomy
A permanent end ileostomy is conducted after proctocolectomy secondary to IBD or familial polyposis.
- split ileostomy
A split ileostomy is a temporary type of ileostomy, it is attained if a loop ileostomy cannot effectively divert the fecal stream.
Indications
Some of the indications of ileostomy include 1:
- relief of distal bowel obstruction
- protection of distal anastomosis
- diversion of the fecal stream
Complications
Some of the complications of ileostomies include 3-5:
- intestinal obstruction
- fistula formation
- parastomal hernia
- infection
- electrolyte imbalance
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