Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Knipe H, Luong D, et al. Acute lung injury. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 23 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-91049
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Henry Knipe had the following disclosures:
- Radiopaedia Events Pty Ltd, Speaker fees (past)
- Integral Diagnostics, Shareholder (ongoing)
- Micro-X Ltd, Shareholder (ongoing)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to
not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosures
Acute lung injury (ALI) refers to a rather broad clinical syndrome defined by a constellation of clinical criteria:
It encompasses and also carries some overlap with the term acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with some publications stating a PaO2/FiO2 of:
≤300 for ALI 1
≤200 for ARDS 1
Some publications state ARDS as a more severe form of ALI.
Pathology
Histologically, it is represented by diffuse alveolar damage in most cases but can also be uncommonly represented by acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) and acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) 6. It can be precipitated by numerous agents.
Treatment and prognosis
Treatment is primarily supportive through supplemental oxygen with mechanical ventilation provided if necessary. The prognosis is variable.
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2. Ragaller M, Richter T. Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. (2010) Journal of emergencies, trauma, and shock. 3 (1): 43-51. doi:10.4103/0974-2700.58663 - Pubmed
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3. Rubenfeld GD, Caldwell E, Peabody E, Weaver J, Martin DP, Neff M, Stern EJ, Hudson LD. Incidence and outcomes of acute lung injury. (2005) The New England journal of medicine. 353 (16): 1685-93. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa050333 - Pubmed
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4. Elicker BM, Jones KT, Naeger DM, Frank JA. Imaging of Acute Lung Injury. (2016) Radiologic clinics of North America. 54 (6): 1119-1132. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2016.05.006 - Pubmed
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5. Cereda M, Xin Y, Goffi A, Herrmann J, Kaczka DW, Kavanagh BP, Perchiazzi G, Yoshida T, Rizi RR. Imaging the Injured Lung: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Use. (2019) Anesthesiology. 131 (3): 716-749. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002583 - Pubmed
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6. Obadina ET, Torrealba JM, Kanne JP. Acute pulmonary injury: high-resolution CT and histopathological spectrum. (2013) The British journal of radiology. 86 (1027): 20120614. doi:10.1259/bjr.20120614 - Pubmed
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