Arteriovenous malformation

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are characterised by an abnormal leash of vessels allowing for arteriovenous shunting. They can occur anywhere in the body but have a predilection towards the head and neck.  There is a direct arteriovenous communication with no intervening capillary bed. They can be congenital or acquired.

Classification

Location specific sub types

• cerebral arteriovenous malformations
  • Spetzler AVM grading system
• musculoskeletal arteriovenous malformations
• uterine arteriovenous malformation
• pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
• hepatic arteriovenous malformation

• Renal arteriovenous malformation