Abdominal cavity

Last revised by Tariq Walizai on 16 Jul 2024

The abdominal cavity is divided into two major compartments, the peritoneum and retroperitoneum, early in fetal development.

The parietal peritoneum is reflected over the peritoneal organs, forming supporting peritoneal ligaments, mesenteries, and omenta.

The peritoneal reflections carry vessels, nerves, and lymphatics from the retroperitoneum to the peritoneal organs. They may act as a natural connection between the retroperitoneum and peritoneum (the subperitoneal space), providing a pathway for the extension of intra-abdominal disease.