Aberrations in the normal development and involution of the breast
Last revised by Dr Daniel J Bell ◉ on 26 Aug 2021
Citation, DOI & article data
Citation:
Skandhan, A., Bell, D. Aberrations in the normal development and involution of the breast. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org. (accessed on 11 Aug 2022) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-25749
Permalink:
rID:
25749
Article created:
06 Nov 2013 by Dr Avni K P Skandhan ◉
Revisions:
13 times by 9 users - see full revision history
System:
Sections:
-
Synonyms:
- ANDI (breast)
- Variation in breast anatomy
- Aberrations in the normal development and involution of the breast (ANDI)
Aberrations in the Normal Development and Involution of the breast (ANDI) is an overarching term used to describe a wide spectrum of benign breast disease. As the name suggests, it is based on the theory that most of the encountered benign breast disorders are aberrations in the normal development process, hormonal response and involution of the breast.
Classification
Disorders of development
- polymastia and polythelia
- accessory axillary breast tissue
- congenital nipple retraction
- macromastia
- fibroadenoma
- phyllodes tumor
- adolescent hypertrophy
Disorders of cyclical change
- mastalgia
- nodularity
Disorders of involution
-
fibrocystic change:
- cysts
- fibrosis
- sclerosing adenosis
- periductal mastitis
References
- 1. Hughes LE. Classification of benign breast disorders. The ANDI classification based on physiological processes within the normal breast. Br. Med. Bull. 1991;47 (2): 251-7. Pubmed citation
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heart
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aortic root
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