Aberrations in the normal development and involution of the breast
Last revised by Daniel J Bell on 26 Aug 2021
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Skandhan A, Bell D, Tatco V, et al. Aberrations in the normal development and involution of the breast. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 02 Dec 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-25749
Permalink:
rID:
25749
Article created:
6 Nov 2013, Avni K P Skandhan ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Avni K P Skandhan had no recorded disclosures.
View Avni K P Skandhan's current disclosuresLast revised:
26 Aug 2021, Daniel J Bell ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Daniel J Bell had no recorded disclosures.
View Daniel J Bell's current disclosuresRevisions:
9 times, by 9 contributors - see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Synonyms:
- Variation in breast anatomy
- Aberrations in the normal development and involution of the breast (ANDI)
- ANDI (breast)
Aberrations in the Normal Development and Involution of the breast (ANDI) is an overarching term used to describe a wide spectrum of benign breast disease. As the name suggests, it is based on the theory that most of the encountered benign breast disorders are aberrations in the normal development process, hormonal response and involution of the breast.
Classification
Disorders of development
- polymastia and polythelia
- accessory axillary breast tissue
- congenital nipple retraction
- macromastia
- fibroadenoma
- phyllodes tumor
- adolescent hypertrophy
Disorders of cyclical change
- mastalgia
- nodularity
Disorders of involution
-
fibrocystic change:
- cysts
- fibrosis
- sclerosing adenosis
- periductal mastitis
References
- 1. Hughes LE. Classification of benign breast disorders. The ANDI classification based on physiological processes within the normal breast. Br. Med. Bull. 1991;47 (2): 251-7. Pubmed citation
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