Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Jones J, Tao W, Sharma R, et al. Acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 11 Dec 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-95925
Acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion (ALERD) is a clinicoradiological spectrum of disease with clinical features of leukoencephalopathy and associated imaging findings where diffusion restriction is the dominant finding.
Radiographic features
MRI
The dominant radiological feature is diffusion restriction, predominantly in the subcortical white matter, described as the 'bright tree appearance' 3. Imaging in the first 48-72 hours following symptoms onset is usually normal and is followed by subcortical diffusion restriction between the 3rd and 9th day following symptom onset 1.
Differential diagnosis
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1. Lawrence R, Aripirala P, Reddy N et al. The Spectrum of Acute Leukoencephalopathy with Restricted Diffusion (ALERD): A Case Series and Review of Literature. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2021;33:86-93. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.05.017 - Pubmed
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2. Takanashi J, Oba H, Barkovich A et al. Diffusion MRI Abnormalities After Prolonged Febrile Seizures with Encephalopathy. Neurology. 2006;66(9):1304-9. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000210487.36667.a5 - Pubmed
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3. Kamate M. Acute Leukoencephalopathy with Restricted Diffusion. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2018;22(7):519-23. doi:10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_139_18 - Pubmed
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