Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
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At the time the article was created Henry Knipe had no recorded disclosures.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Tariq Walizai had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Tariq Walizai's current disclosures- ACL repair
- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction
- ACL graft
- ACL reconstruction
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common procedure post ACL tear. It aims to reduce knee joint instability and thus prevent any further meniscal and/or cartilage damage.
On this page:
Procedure
There are numerous surgical techniques for ACL reconstruction 1-3:
-
autograft reconstruction
bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft
-
hamstring autograft
four-strand autograft from semitendinosus and/or gracilis tendons
allograft reconstruction
synthetic graft reconstruction
The bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft and four-strand hamstring autograft are the two most commonly employed techniques 1,2.
Complications
See article anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction complications for further details.
Outcomes
Clinical failure is reported in ~10% (range 6-12%) of patients 4. ~18% (range 14-22%) of patients develop symptomatic osteoarthritis post ACL reconstruction 1.
See also
References
- 1. Bencardino J, Beltran J, Feldman M, Rose D. MR Imaging of Complications of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Reconstruction. RadioGraphics. 2009;29(7):2115-2126. doi:10.1148/rg.297095036
- 2. Meyers A, Haims A, Menn K, Moukaddam H. Imaging of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair and Its Complications. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2010;194(2):476-484. doi:10.2214/ajr.09.3200
- 3. Mouarbes D, Menetrey J, Marot V, Courtot L, Berard E, Cavaignac E. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Outcomes for Quadriceps Tendon Autograft Versus Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone and Hamstring-Tendon Autografts. Am J Sports Med. 2019;47(14):3531-3540. doi:10.1177/0363546518825340
- 4. Grassi A, Bailey J, Signorelli C et al. Magnetic resonance imaging after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A practical guide. WJO. 2016;7(10):638. doi:10.5312/wjo.v7.i10.638
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- Patellar tendon rupture
- Animal and animal produce inspired signs
- Pes anserinus
- Anterior interval lesion
- Patellar fracture
- Anterior cruciate ligament tear
- Posterior tibial slope
- Tibial tunnel cyst
- Lateral extra-articular tenodesis
- Inferior medial genicular artery
- Medial collateral ligament injury of the knee
- Osteochondral defect
- Arthrofibrosis
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft impingement
- Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction complications (overview)
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft tear
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft stretching
- Cyclops lesion (knee)
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft roof impingement
- Complete anterior cruciate ligament tear
- ACL graft tear due to tunnel malpositioning
- ACL and PCL reconstruction
- ACL reconstruction knee radiograph
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft stretching
- Communicating tibial tunnel cyst
- Tear of anterior cruciate ligament graft with ramp lesion
- Superficial infrapatellar bursitis
- Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - tibial tunnel infection
- Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction graft rupture
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft tear
- Gossypiboma - knee
- Hamstring injury
- Tibial tunnel and pretibial cysts - anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
- Cyclops lesion
- Lemaire procedure
- Knee arthrofbrosis
- Anterior cruciate ligament graft tear with bucket handle tear of medial meniscus
Related articles: Knee pathology
The knee is a complex synovial joint that can be affected by a range of pathologies:
- bone and cartilage
-
knee fractures
- distal femoral condyle fracture
- tibial plateau fracture (classification)
- patella fracture
-
avulsion fractures of the knee
- arcuate complex avulsion fracture (arcuate sign)
- anterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture
- biceps femoris avulsion fracture
- iliotibial band avulsion fracture
- quadriceps tendon avulsion fracture
- patellar sleeve fracture
- posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture
- reverse Segond fracture
- Segond fracture
- semimembranosus tendon avulsion fracture
- Stieda fracture chronic avulsion injuries
- dislocation
- chondromalacia patellae
- osteoarthritis of the knee
- osteochondral
- patterns of bone bruise in knee injury
-
knee fractures
- ligaments
- anterior cruciate ligament tear
- anterior cruciate ligament ganglion cyst
- anterior cruciate ligament mucoid degeneration
- posterior cruciate ligament tear
- medial collateral ligament tear
- lateral collateral ligament tear
- medial patellofemoral ligament tear
- posterolateral corner injury
- posteromedial corner injury
- tendons
- meniscal lesions
- bursosynovial lesions
- fat pad
- popliteal fossa
- fascia
- alignment
- knee
- patellofemoral
- gamut