Apical zone
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Jones J, Bell D, Kang O, et al. Apical zone. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 03 Dec 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-13649
rID:
13649
Article created:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Jeremy Jones had no recorded disclosures.
View Jeremy Jones's current disclosures
Last revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Daniel J Bell had no recorded disclosures.
View Daniel J Bell's current disclosures
Revisions:
13 times, by
7 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Sections:
Tags:
Synonyms:
- Apices
- Apical zones
- Apical region
- Apical regions
- Lung apices
- Apex of the lung
- Apices of lungs
- Lung apex
- Apex of lung
The apical zone (a.k.a. lung apex) is one of the four chest radiograph zones and an important location for missed diagnoses when reporting a frontal chest radiograph and makes up one of the "review areas". It is sometimes thought of as a subdivision of the upper zone.
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph
- portion of the lungs that lie above the inferior margin of the clavicles on a frontal chest radiograph (see Figure 1) 2
CT
- using the zonal terminology for the location of findings on CT is generally discouraged, as a more precise lobar +/- segmental site, can usually be provided
Related pathology
The apices and upper zones are preferentially affected by pathology that is related to inhalation. The upper portion of the lungs have a positive ventilation mismatch when compared to the bases, where there is preferential perfusion. Common conditions involving the apical zone include:
References
- 1, Loukas M, Carmichael SW, Colborn GL et-al. Gray's Anatomy Review, 1e. Churchill Livingstone. ISBN:0443069387. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Hofer M. The Chest X-Ray. Thieme Medical Publishers. (2007) ISBN:1588905543. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 3. Lange S, Walsh G. Radiology of Chest Diseases. TIS. ISBN:B005UG7V10. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
Incoming Links
Articles:
- Diffuse pleural thickening
- Chest (AP lordotic view)
- Medical abbreviations and acronyms (A)
- Apical chest mass
- Cervical lung hernia
- Chest (lateral decubitus view)
- Chest (supine view)
- Esophageal lymph node stations
- Chest (expiratory view)
- Chest (AP erect view)
- Paediatric chest (horizontal beam lateral view)
- Medical abbreviations and acronyms (R)
- Review areas on chest radiograph
- Right upper lobe apical segment
- Chest (PA view)
- Paediatric chest (lateral view)
- Upper zone
- Chest (lateral view)
- Chest radiograph zones
- Gravity-dependent atelectasis
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