Basal ganglia T1 hyperintensity
There are many causes of basal ganglia T1 hyperintensity, but the majority relate to deposition of T1-intense elements within the basal ganglia such as:
- calcium
- idiopathic calcification
- calcium and phosphate abnormalities
- hepatic failure
- toxins/ischemia
- carbon monoxide (usually low T1 signal; unless associated with hemorrhage)
- hyperalimentation or long term parenteral nutrition (manganese)
- hyperglycemia-associated choreaballism 2: non-ketotic hyperglycemic hemichorea (NHH)
- previous administration of linear gadolinium chelates 3,4
- global hypoxia
- blood
- methemoglobin in intracranial hemorrhage
- hemorrhagic infarct
- Japanese encephalitis
- hamartoma in neurofibromatosis type 1