Urinary bladder wall thickening
Updates to Article Attributes
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was changed:
Differential diagnosis for bladder wall thickening depends on whether the bladder is adequately distended. The bladder wall may be thickened if:
- >3 mm when distended
- >5 mm when nondistended
If the bladder is not distended, then it is difficult to exclude artifactual thickening from a collapsed bladder
If the bladder wall is adequately distended, then a differential may be developed based on whether the bladder is diffusely thickened or focally thickened:
Diffuse bladder wall thickening
- bladder outlet obstruction
- neurogenic bladder
- infectious cystitis
- cystitis from radiation or chemotherapy
Focal bladder wall thickening
- urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (transitional cell carcinoma)
- artifact: blood products / clot
- will not enhance on postcontrast CT or MRI; no vascularity on colour Doppler
- may be adherent to the bladder wall, like tumour, but clot is more likely to have a concave margin, unlike tumor
- other bladder neoplasm
- (cystitis): more commonly diffuse than focal, but may mimic neoplasm
- adjacent inflammatory process (e.g. diverticulitis)
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cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis
- may mimic bladder cancer
- amyloidosis of the bladder: rare
- malacoplakia of the bladder: rare
- bladder endometriosis2
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- +<a title="bladder endometriosis" href="/articles/bladder-endometriosis">bladder endometriosis</a> <sup>2</sup>
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References changed:
- 2. Beaty S, Silva A, De Petris G. Bladder Endometriosis: Ultrasound and MRI Findings. Radiology Case Reports. 2006;1(3):92-5. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2484/rcr.v1i3.16">doi:10.2484/rcr.v1i3.16</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27298692">Pubmed</a>
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