Blueberry muffin syndrome (a.k.a. blueberry muffin baby or rash) refers to a skin appearance seen in paediatric patients with multiple raised cutaneous, classically blue/purple lesions which is due to extramedullary haematopoiesis in the dermis.
The syndrome was originally described in congenital rubella cases in the United States in the 1960s 3. It is also seen in other congenital infections, malignancies (e.g. primary adrenal neuroblastoma) and haematological disorders.
Pathology
Aetiology
congenital infections
haematological disease
malignancy
congenital vascular disease
- multiple haemangiomas of infancy
- multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis
- blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome
- multiple glomangiomas
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