Bone within a bone appearance
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Bone within a bone is a descriptive term applied to bones that appear to have another bone within them. There are numerous causes including:
- normal
- thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (neonates and infants)
- growth recovery lines (after infancy)
- cortical splitting and new periostitis
- sickle cell disease / thalassaemia / Gaucher disease
- chronic osteomyelitis e.g. congenital syphilis, TB
- scurvy
- Caffey disease (infantile cortical hyperostosis)
- abnormal bone metabolism
- Paget disease of bone
- acromegaly
- osteopetrosis
bisphosphonate treatment
- disordered bone growth
- heavy metal poisoning (bismuth, lead, thorium)
- hypervitaminosis D
- Thorotrast (ghost vertebrae)
-
ionising radiation
- radiation injury
- radiotherapy
- subcortical osteopenia
- leukaemia, metastases
-
Complexcomplex regional pain syndrome (Sudeck atrophy) - idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis
- oxalosis (intraosseous crystal deposition)
- iatrogenic
- bone graft, subcortical bone cement
- bisphosphonates
- radiotherapy
- bone healing
- artifact
- double exposure
A useful mnemonic to remember the aetiologies is: GHOST DRAGON.
-<li>cortical splitting and new <a title="Periostitis" href="/articles/periosteal-reaction">periostitis</a><ul>- +<li>cortical splitting and new <a href="/articles/periosteal-reaction">periostitis</a><ul>
-<li>bisphosphonate treatment</li>- +<li>ionising radiation<ul>
- +<li>radiation injury</li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
-<li>-<a href="/articles/complex-regional-pain-syndrome">C</a><a title="Complex regional pain syndrome" href="/articles/complex-regional-pain-syndrome">omplex regional pain syndrome</a> (Sudeck atrophy)</li>- +<li><a title="Complex regional pain syndrome" href="/articles/complex-regional-pain-syndrome">complex regional pain syndrome (Sudeck atrophy)</a></li>
-<li>iatrogenic<ul><li>bone graft, subcortical bone cement</li></ul>- +<li>iatrogenic<ul>
- +<li>bone graft, subcortical bone cement</li>
- +<li>bisphosphonates</li>
- +<li>radiotherapy</li>
- +</ul>
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