Breast screening programmes
Breast screening programs are programs where mammography or other screening methods are carried out in populations of asymptomatic women for the improved detection of breast cancer.
Such programs vary widely from country to country. The WHO recommends implementing different programs based on the level of health resources in a setting 1 based on evidence about risks, costs and benefits. In some population groups, such as women between 70-75 in limited-resource settings with weak health systems, there is limited and low-quality evidence 1 from which to calculate the efficacy of programs. The EU has harmonized guidelines available online but not harmonized implementation among its member nations.
Each country has its own screening programs which may differ by states within a country. Some examples are listed as below (accurate as of October 2019).
-
Australia: primarily targeted at women between 50-74 every two years while women over 40 years are also eligible to free of charge (www.cancerscreening.gov.au)
- Western Australia: www.breastscreen.health.wa.gov.au/home
- Victoria: www.breastscreen.org.au
- New South Wales: www.bsnsw.org.au
- Tasmania: BreastScreen Tasmania
- Brazil: offered to women between 50-69 years of age every two years free of charge (www.inca.gov.br)
-
Canada
- British Columbia: offered to women between 40-79 every two years free of charge (http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/screening/breast)
- Ireland: offered to women between 50-64 years of age every 2 years free of charge (www.breastcheck.ie)
- New Zealand: offered to women between 45-69 every 2 years free of charge (https://www.timetoscreen.nz/breast-screening/)
- United Kingdom: offered to women between 50-70 every 3 years with screening for women 47-73 in some areas as part of research planned to run until 2026 2 (http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/breastscreen/index.html)
- the United States of America has no centrally organized breast screening program 3 although the CDC administers a National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program which attempts to provide screening to low-income uninsured populations but does not reach all of this population 4
Related Radiopaedia articles
Breast imaging and pathology
- breast screening
-
mammography
- breast imaging and the technologist
- forbidden (check) areas in mammography
-
mammography views
- craniocaudal view
- mediolateral oblique view
- additional (supplementary) views
- true lateral view
- lateromedial oblique view
- late mediolateral view
- step oblique views
- spot view
- double spot compression view
- magnification view
- exaggerated craniocaudal (axillary) view
- cleavage view
- tangential views
- caudocranial view
- bullseye CC view
- rolled CC view
- elevated craniocaudal projection
- caudal cranial projection
- 20° oblique projection
- inferomedial superolateral oblique projection
- Eklund technique
- normal breast imaging examples
- digital breast tomosynthesis
- breast ultrasound
- breast ductography
- breast MRI
- breast morphology
- breast intervention
- breast pathology
- malignant lesions
-
breast cancer
- breast adenocarcinoma
- ductal breast carcinoma
- ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
- invasive ductal carcinoma
- lobular breast carcinoma
- ductal breast carcinoma
- adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast
- apocrine carcinoma of the breast
- breast cancer metastases
- breast lymphoma
- breast sarcoma
- inflammatory carcinoma of breast
- intracystic breast cancer
- male breast cancer
- malignant phyllodes tumor
- metastases to the breast
- metaplastic carcinoma the breast
- gamuts
- breast adenocarcinoma
-
breast cancer
- borderline breast disease / high risk breast lesion
- benign lesions
- adenosis of the breast
- benign papillary lesions of the breast
- breast cyst
- breast hematoma
- breast hamartoma
- breast lipoma
- ductal adenoma of the breast
- epidermal inclusion cysts of the breast
- fat necrosis of the breast
- fibroadenoma
- granular cell tumor of the breast
- gynecomastia
- lymphocytic mastitis
- mammary fibromatosis
- oil cyst
- phyllodes tumor
- post-surgical breast scar
- post-radiation breast changes
- post-traumatic fibrosis
- pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH)
- pseudogynecomastia
- tubular adenoma
-
breast calcifications (approach)
- morphology
- distribution
- location
- lobular calcification within breast tissue
- intraductal calcification within breast tissue
- milk of calcium within a breast cyst
- vascular calcification in breast tissue
- skin (dermal) calcification in / around breast tissue
- suture calcification within breast tissue
- stromal calcification within breast tissue
- artifactual calcification from outside the breast
- suspicious breast calcifications
- infection/inflammation
- vascular lesions
- systemic disease
- gamuts
- classification systems
- malignant lesions
- breast cancer staging