Brissaud-Sicard syndrome
Brissaud-Sicard syndrome is a very rare pontine stroke syndrome that involves the anterolateral and inferior pons.
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Clinical presentation
Classically, the syndrome presents as ipsilateral facial cramps and contralateral hemiparesis 1-3.
Pathology
It has been postulated that the syndrome is caused by damage to the pons involving the corticospinal tract and the CN VII nucleus or nerve root 2,3. It can be caused by a posterior circulation ischemic stroke, as well as other lesions such as neoplasm (e.g. brainstem glioma) 1-3.
Radiographic features
Lesions are in the pons with imaging characteristics depending on underlying cause.
History and etymology
The syndrome is named after Édouard Brissaud (1852-1909) and Jean Athanase Sicard (1872-1929), French physicians, who described the syndrome in 1908 in patients with infarcts secondary to neurosyphilis 2,4. However, it was first described over fifty years earlier by Adolphe-Marie Gubler (1821-1879), another French physician, in 1856 2,5.
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Stroke and intracranial haemorrhage
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stroke and intracranial hemorrhage
-
ischemic stroke
- general discussions
- scoring and classification systems
- signs
- by region
- hemispheric infarcts
- frontal lobe infarct
- parietal lobe infarct
- temporal lobe infarct
- occipital lobe infarct
- alexia without agraphia syndrome: PCA
- cortical blindness syndrome (Anton syndrome): top of basilar or bilateral PCA
- Balint syndrome: bilateral PCA
- internal capsule infarct
- ataxic hemiparesis syndrome: MCA perforators or basilar artery perforators
- lacunar infarct
- thalamic infarct
- Déjerine-Roussy syndrome (thalamic pain syndrome): thalamoperforators of PCA
- top of the basilar syndrome
- striatocapsular infarct
- cerebellar infarct
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brainstem infarct
- midbrain infarct
- Benedikt syndrome: PCA
- Claude syndrome: PCA
- Nothnagel syndrome: PCA
- Weber syndrome: PCA
- pontine infarct
- Brissaud-Sicard syndrome
- facial colliculus syndrome
- Gasperini syndrome: basilar artery or AICA
- inferior medial pontine syndrome (Foville syndrome): basilar artery
- lateral pontine syndrome (Marie-Foix syndrome): basilar artery or AICA
- locked-in syndrome: basilar artery
- Millard-Gubler syndrome: basilar artery
- Raymond syndrome: basilar artery
- medullary infarct
- Babinski-Nageotte syndrome
- hemimedullary syndrome (Reinhold syndrome)
- lateral medullary stroke syndrome (Wallenberg syndrome)
- medial medullary syndrome (Déjerine syndrome)
- midbrain infarct
- acute spinal cord ischemia syndrome
- hemispheric infarcts
- by vascular territory
- treatment options
- complications
-
intracranial hemorrhage
-
intra-axial hemorrhage
- signs
- by region or type
- extra-axial hemorrhage
-
intra-axial hemorrhage
-
ischemic stroke
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