Bronchospasm refers to a sudden constriction of the bronchial wall muscles.
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Pathology
It is caused by the release (degranulation) of substances from mast cells or basophils under the influence of anaphylatoxins.
It can be precipitated in many situations
- certain forms of pulmonary edema
- asthma
- allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis
- certain allergic hypersensitivity states
- medications
- non-selective beta blockers
Treatment and prognosis
Its debilitating effects on breathing can range from very mild to severe. Treatment is usually with beta adrenergic agonists.