Callen MS-ADEM criteria
The Callen MS-ADEM criteria can be useful in differentiating between acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in children, as the first attack of immune-mediated demyelination is a frequent diagnostic challenge.
Given the diagnostic challenge, several diagnostic criteria may be used to differentiate, e.g. Barkhof criteria, KIDMUS criteria, Callen MS-ADEM criteria, Callen diagnostic MS criteria. A 2010 study compared these different criteria, with the Callen MS-ADEM criteria 1 showing the best combination of sensitivity (75%) and specificity (95%) 2.
Criteria
The proposed criteria can only be applied to distinguish children with the clinical presentation of ADEM from that of a first MS attack.
At least two out of the three following criteria should be fulfilled for MS diagnosis:
- absence of a diffuse bilateral lesion pattern
- presence of black holes
- two periventricular lesions
Related Radiopaedia articles
White matter disorders
- white matter
- normal myelination
- terminology
-
white matter disorders
-
demyelination
- anti-MOG associated encephalomyelitis
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)
- chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)
- transverse myelitis
- tumefactive demyelinating lesions
- acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
- acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM)
- neuromyelitis optica (NMO) (Devic disease)
-
multiple sclerosis (MS)
-
McDonald diagnostic criteria for MS (current 2017 revision)
- previous 2016 MAGNIMS consensus
- signs
- variants
-
McDonald diagnostic criteria for MS (current 2017 revision)
- radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS)
- clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)
- astrocytopathies
- leukoaxonopathies
- early-onset neuronal degenerative disorders
- giant axonal neuropathy
- hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC)
- hypomyelination with congenital cataract
- leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation
- hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity
- pol III-related leukodystrophies
- leukovasculopathies
- microgliopathies
- myelin disorders
- hypomyelination
- demyelination
- myelin vacuolisation
- other
- adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy
- cerebrotendinous xanthomathosis
- cystic leukoencephalopathy without megalencephaly
- L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria
-
lysosomal storage diseases
- free sialic acid storage disorders (e.g. Salla disease)
- Niemann-Pick disease
- peroxisomal disorders
- Sjögren-Larsson syndrome
-
demyelination
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.