Cavernous venous malformation
Cavernous venous malformation, also traditionally referred to as a cavernous hemangioma (despite it not being a tumor) or cavernomas, are non-neoplastic slow flow venous malformations found in many parts of the body.
Terminology
Despite the ubiquity of use of the traditional terms cavernoma, hemangioma and cavernous hemangioma, they represent outdated and misleading nomenclature no longer recognised in the ISSVA classification of vascular anomalies.
Having said that when reporting it is probably safest to include the 'traditional' term in brackets for clarity, for example, "features are those of a slow flow venous malformation (cavernous venous malformation/cavernoma)"
Regional manifestations
Their radiographic appearance, epidemiology, clinical presentation and treatment are specific to the tissue/organ in which they are found and as such these are discussed individually according to location.
- central nervous system
- head and neck
- chest
- abdominal
- adrenal hemangioma
- hepatic venous malformation (hepatic hemangioma)
- splenic venous malformation (splenic hemangioma)
- retroperitoneal hemangioma
- musculoskeletal
Related Radiopaedia articles
Vascular tumours and malformations
-
vascular malformations and tumors
- classifications
- vascular tumors
-
hemangioma
- infantile hemangioma
- congenital hemangiomas (RICH and NICH)
- tufted angioma (with or without Kasabach Merritt syndrome)
- Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (with or without Kasabach Merritt syndrome)
- spindle cell hemangioendothelioma
- other, rare hemangioendotheliomas
- dermatologic acquired vascular tumors
-
hemangioma
- slow flow vascular malformations
- capillary malformation (CM)
- venous malformation (VM)
- common sporadic venous malformation
-
cavernous venous malformation (cavernoma or cavernous hemangioma)
- cerebral cavernous venous malformation
- orbital cavernous venous malformation
-
hepatic cavernous venous malformation (hepatic hemangioma)
-
atypical hepatic venous malformation (atypical hepatic hemangioma)
- giant hepatic venous malformation (giant hepatic hemangioma)
- flash filling hepatic venous malformation (flash filling hepatic hemangioma)
-
atypical hepatic venous malformation (atypical hepatic hemangioma)
- splenic cavernous venous malformation (splenic hemangioma)
- breast venous malformation (breast hemangioma)
- retroperitoneal venous malformation
- soft tissue venous malformation
- primary intraosseous venous malformation
- cardiac venous malformations
-
cavernous venous malformation (cavernoma or cavernous hemangioma)
- Bean syndrome
- familial cutaneous and mucosal venous malformation
- glomuvenous malformation (glomangioma)
- Maffucci syndrome
- common sporadic venous malformation
- lymphatic malformation (LM)
- fast flow vascular malformations
- arterial malformation
- ectasia
- coarctation
- aneurysm
- arterial malformation
- arteriovenous fistulae (with one or more shunts)
- arteriovenous malformations (with a nidus of multiple shunts)
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