Cerebellar restricted diffusion

Cerebellar restricted diffusion refers to a hyperintense signal involving the cerebellum on DWI images with a corresponding low signal on ADC images.

Vascular thrombo-occlusive disease

• cerebellar arterial infarction  ¹
  • AICA infarction
  • PICA infarction
  • superior cerebellar arterial infarct
• cerebellar venous infarction ¹
  • cerebellar venous thrombosis - rare ²

Hemodynamic changes

• hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
• status epilepticus ³
• post-ictal changes

Infections 

• acute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia - following vaccination for varicella, hepatitis B, and rabies ⁴
• acute cerebellitis
• cerebellar abscess
• listeria rhombencephalitis
• tuberculous rhombencephalitis
  • cerebellar tuberculoma

Intoxication

• CHANTER
• POUNCE syndrome
• REACT syndrome
• Opioid-associated amnestic syndrome

Metabolic

• Wernicke encephalopathy - generally symmetrical

Demyelination

• multiple sclerosis
• ADEM ⁷

Neoplastic

• cerebellar metastases
• medulloblastoma - the second most common malignant brain tumor of childhood ⁸
• cerebellar lymphoma - elderly patients

Cerebellar stroke-like episodes

• MELAS - rare ⁵

Others

• Bickerstaff encephalitis ⁶