Gaillard F, Weerakkody Y, Bell D, et al. Congenital infections (mnemonic). Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 27 Sep 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-5667
The group of the most common congenital infections are referred to by the mnemonicTORCH or STORCH. They usually cause mild maternal morbidity but are related to serious fetal consequences 4.
In cases where no serological, microbiological or immunological evidence of infection can be identified the term pseudo-TORCH has been used 5.
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2. Kinney JS, Kumar ML. Should we expand the TORCH complex? A description of clinical and diagnostic aspects of selected old and new agents. Clin Perinatol. 1988;15 (4): 727-44. - Pubmed citation
4. Stegmann BJ, Carey JC. TORCH Infections. Toxoplasmosis, Other (syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes infections. Curr Womens Health Rep. 2002;2 (4): 253-8. Pubmed citation
5. Patnaik A, Mishra SS, Das S. Extensive intracranial calcification of pseudo-TORCH syndrome with features of Dandy-Walker malformation. (2017) Asian journal of neurosurgery. 12 (3): 541-543. doi:10.4103/1793-5482.145162 - Pubmed