Cyanotic congenital heart disease
A number of entities can present as cyanotic congenital heart disease. These can be divided into those with increased (pulmonary plethora) or decreased pulmonary vascularity :
-
increased pulmonary vascularity
- total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) (types I and II)
- transposition of the great arteries (TGA)
- truncus arteriosus (types I, II, and III)
- large AVSD
- single ventricle without pulmonary stenosis
-
decreased pulmonary vascularity
- tetralogy of Fallot
-
hypoplastic right heart syndrome: pulmonary vascularity dependent on systemic collaterals
- tricuspid atresia
- hypoplastic right ventricle
- pulmonary atresia or severe stenosis
- Ebstein anomaly with atrial septal defect
- many other combined and infrequent anomalies such as
- double outlet right ventricle (DORV) with pulmonary stenosis
- single ventricle with pulmonary stenosis
- Uhl anomaly
- pentalogy of Cantrell
The most important cyanotic congenital heart defects can be remembered with the five Ts mnemonic.
Related Radiopaedia articles
Congenital heart disease
There is more than one way to present the variety of congenital heart diseases. Whichever way they are categorized, it is helpful to have a working understanding of normal and fetal circulation, as well as an understanding of the segmental approach to imaging in congenital heart disease.
-
congenital heart disease
- subtypes
- normal relationship between chambers and valves
- shunting
- stenosis
- atrioventricular valves
- outflow tract
- great vessels
- venous inflow
- hypoplasia
- anomalous valves
- abnormal relationship of chambers and valves
- atrioventricular abnormality
- when associated with a univentricular heart
- atrioventricular discordance
- great vessel connection abnormality
- atrioventricular abnormality
- congenital heart disease - chest x-ray approach
-
surgical repairs (mnemonic)
- arterial switch procedure
- Blalock-Taussig shunt
- double switch procedure
- Fontan procedure
- Glenn procedure
- Mustard repair
- Norwood procedure
- Pott shunt
- pulmonary artery banding
- Rastelli procedure
- Sano shunt
- Senning repair
- total repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- unifocalisation procedure
- Waterston shunt
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