A generalized delay in skeletal maturation has different causative or etiological factors, these can be classified as follows:
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chronic ill health
congenital heart disease (especially cyanotic)
chronic renal disease
malnutrition: failure to thrive (FTT)
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maternal deprivation
infant of toxemic mother
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endocrine disorders
hypothyroidism: cretinism and Van Wyk Grumbach syndrome
hypopituitarism with growth hormone deficiency (e.g. idiopathic, craniopharyngioma)
hypogonadism (e.g. Turner syndrome)
Cushing disease / steroid therapy
diabetes: juvenile
Addison disease (adrenal insufficiency): uncommon
hypoparathyroidism: uncommon
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systemic diseases
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chromosomal disorders
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congenital disorders
congenital syndromes of dwarfism or intellectual disability
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neurologic disorders
cerebral hypoplasia
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others: (normal variation)
small for gestational age neonate
idiopathic: familial short stature
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