Deltoid ligament injuries involve the deltoid ligament that forms the medial part of the ankle joint.
Pathology
Mechanism of injury
It occurs due to eversion and/or pronation injury, or can be associated with lateral ankle fractures.
The deltoid ligament is usually avulsed from its tibial attachment, causing lateral talar shift with increased medial clear space (>4 mm).
Types
Types of injuries to anterior part of the deltoid ligament:
- type 1: proximal tear or avulsion of the ligament
- type 2: intermediate tear of the ligament
- type 3: distal tear or avulsion of the deltoid and spring ligaments
Treatment and prognosis
Open reduction internal fixation is the treatment of choice.