Distal appendicular bone metastases
Last revised by Andrew Murphy ◉ on 31 Jul 2022
Citation, DOI & article data
Citation:
Dawes L, Murphy A, Lukies M, et al. Distal appendicular bone metastases. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 07 Feb 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-1861
Permalink:
rID:
1861
Article created:
02 May 2008 by Laughlin Dawes
Revisions:
21 times by 10 users - see full revision history
Systems:
Synonyms:
- Distal appendicular skeletal metastases
- Peripheral bone metastases
- Appendicular skeletal metastases
Distal appendicular bone metastases, especially distal to the knee and elbow joints, are uncommon.
Clinical presentation
Localized pain and swelling, along with pathological fractures, are the most common 3.
Pathology
Etiology
Malignancies that most commonly spread to appendicular skeleton include 1:
- lung: most common (~20%); usually squamous cell carcinoma 2
- breast
- renal
- prostatic
Quiz questions
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References
- 1. Miric A, Banks M, Allen D et al. Cortical Metastatic Lesions of the Appendicular Skeleton from Tumors of Known Primary Origin. J Surg Oncol. 1998;67(4):255-60. doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9098(199804)67:4<255::aid-jso9>3.0.co;2-7 - Pubmed
- 2. Letanche G, Dumontet C, Euvrard P, Souquet P, Bernard J. [Distal Metastases of Bronchial Cancers. Bone and Soft Tissue Metastases]. Bull Cancer. 1990;77(10):1025-30. - Pubmed
- 3. Leeson M, Makley J, Carter J. Metastatic Skeletal Disease Distal to the Elbow and Knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986;(206):94-9. - Pubmed
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The differential diagnosis for bone tumors is dependent on the age of the patient, with a very different set of differentials for the pediatric patient.
-
bone tumors
- bone-forming tumors
- cartilage-forming tumors
- fibrous bone lesions
- bone marrow tumors
- other bone tumors or tumor-like lesions
- adamantinoma
- aneurysmal bone cyst
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- chordoma
- giant cell tumor of bone
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- hemangioendothelioma
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- musculoskeletal angiosarcoma
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- simple bone cyst
-
skeletal metastases
- morphology
- location
- impending fracture risk
- staging
- approach
- describing a bone lesion
- differentials
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