There are numerous fat-containing renal lesions, including:
renal cell carcinoma (often has calcifications when contains macroscopic fat)
Wilms tumour (most common paediatric renal mass)
renal or perirenal lipoma/liposarcoma
Non-mass lesions may also occasionally contain fat:
fat in a renal scar
Practical points
Fat-containing lesions in the perinephric space may also mimic a fat-containing renal lesion, including: