Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Knipe H, Fortin F, et al. Fetal alcohol syndrome. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 19 Mar 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-12806
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Henry Knipe had the following disclosures:
- Integral Diagnostics, Shareholder (ongoing)
- Micro-X Ltd, Shareholder (ongoing)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to
not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosures
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a potential syndromic complication that can occur with maternal pre-natal alcohol exposure. It is also broadly categorized as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) due to the fact that the fetus may not show all the features and the broad spectrum of effects on the fetus from alcohol.
It is considered one of the commonest preventable causes of intellectual impairment. The estimated incidence in the Western world is at around 0.2-1% of live births 6,7 for FAS and ~10% for FASD 7. It may affect ~30% (range 20-40%) of pregnancies in mothers with chronic alcohol use 8.
The spectrum of features include:
Facial/oral
Cranial/CNS
Skeletal
Cardiac
Ocular/ophthalmic
Renal
Genitourinary
Other
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7. Gifford AE, Farkas KJ, Jackson LW et-al. Assessment of benefits of a universal screen for maternal alcohol use during pregnancy. Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol. 2010;88 (10): 838-46. doi:10.1002/bdra.20731 - Pubmed citation
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8. Entezami M, Albig M, Knoll U et-al. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Fetal Anomalies. Thieme. (2003) ISBN:1588902129. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
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9. Leicher-Düber A, Schumacher R, Spranger J. Stippled epiphyses in fetal alcohol syndrome. (1990) Pediatric radiology. doi:10.1007/BF02013185 - Pubmed
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