Fetal death in utero
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was changed:
Fetal death in utero (FDIU), also known as intrauterine death (IUD), is the term used when the death of a fetus occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. Prior to this, it is considered a miscarriage.
Epidemiology
1% of normal, uncomplicated pregnancies end in fetal death. In ~15% of FDIU, no cause is identified.
Pathology
Aetiology
Maternal
- gestational hypertension
- blood group incompatibility
- metabolic disorders
- intrauterine infections
Fetal
- major anomalies
- umbilical cord complications (looping, knotting, twisting, straight cord)
Placental
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
- absent fetal heart beat
- absent fetal movements
- occasional findings
- overlapping of skull bones (Spalding sign)
- gross distortion of fetal anatomy (maceration)
- soft tissue oedema: skin >5 mm
-
echogenic amniotic fluid
(fetalfetal demise fragments)
- uncommon findings
- thrombus in fetal heart
- gas shadow in fetal heart (Robert sign)
-<p><strong>Fetal death in utero (FDIU) </strong>is the term used when the death of a fetus occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. Prior to this, it is considered a miscarriage.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>1% of normal, uncomplicated pregnancies end in fetal death. In ~15% of FDIU, no cause is identified.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><h5>Aetiology</h5><h6>Maternal </h6><ul>- +<p><strong>Fetal death in utero (FDIU)</strong>, also known as <strong>intrauterine death</strong> (<strong>IUD</strong>), is the term used when the death of a fetus occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. Prior to this, it is considered a <a title="Miscarriage" href="/articles/miscarriage">miscarriage</a>.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>1% of normal, uncomplicated pregnancies end in fetal death. In ~15% of FDIU, no cause is identified.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><h5>Aetiology</h5><h6>Maternal </h6><ul>
-<li>intrauterine infections</li>- +<li><a title="Intrauterine infections" href="/articles/in-utero-infection">intrauterine infections</a></li>
-<li>umbilical cord complications (looping, knotting, twisting)</li>- +<li>umbilical cord complications (looping, <a title="Umbilical cord knot" href="/articles/umbilical-cord-knot">knotting</a>, <a title="Umbilical cord entanglement" href="/articles/umbilical-cord-entanglement">twisting</a>, <a title="Straight cord" href="/articles/straight-umbilical-cord-1">straight cord</a>)</li>
-<a href="/articles/echogenic-amniotic-fluid">echogenic amniotic fluid </a>(fetal demise fragments)</li>- +<a href="/articles/echogenic-amniotic-fluid">echogenic amniotic fluid</a> fetal demise fragments)</li>
-<li>gas shadow in fetal heart (<a href="/articles/robert-sign">Robert sign</a>)</li>- +<li>gas shadow in fetal heart (<a href="/articles/roberts-sign-fetal-demise">Robert sign</a>)</li>