Fetal warfarin syndrome (FWS) is a rare condition which can occur as a result of fetal exposure to maternal ingestion of warfarin during pregnancy.
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Clinical presentation
Reported clinical features include:
- facial anomalies
- skeletal anomalies
- stippled non-calcified epiphyses
- shortened fingers: brachydactyly
- nail hypoplasia
- scoliosis
- central nervous system
- intellectual disability
- seizures
- ventriculomegaly
- agenesis of corpus callosum
- microcephaly
- microphthalmia
- congenital cataracts
- cardiovascular
Pathology
Warfarin is a teratogenic drug. The increased risk of birth defects occurs particularly with warfarin use during ~6-9 weeks gestation.
Differential diagnosis
- some features (particularly skeletal) can mimic that of chondrodysplasia punctata
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